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Profiles of Maternal-Child Interactions and their Association with Children’s External Resilience Resources

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Abstract

Parent-child interactions, which substantially impact children’s psychosocial functioning, can be affected by caregiver adversity exposure. Considering that caregivers and their children often have divergent perspectives on their interactions, the current study included maternal- and child-reports of parenting practices and parent-child communication as indicators in a latent profile analysis. This study included 263 dyads comprised of children aged 8–17 (MAge = 12.13, SD = 2.77; 88.2% Black) and their female caregivers (MAge = 36.43, SD = 7.89; 82.9% Black) who were recruited based on caregivers’ differing experiences with the SAVA syndemic (i.e., potentially harmful substance use, intimate partner violence (IPV), HIV, or none of these adversities). After identifying empirically-derived profiles of maternal-child interactions, we examined associations between these established profiles and children’s external resilience resources. A three-class model emerged as the best fit: Concordant: Child/Mother Positive (C-PP; 73.4%), Discordant: Child Very Negative/Mother Slightly Negative (D-CN; 13.1%), and Discordant: Child Positive/Mother Negative (D-CP; 11.8%). Caregiver endorsement of SAVA syndemics did not predict class membership. Dyads with older children were more likely to be in the D-CN class, and dyads reporting lower SES were more likely to be in the D-CP class. Compared to children in the D-CN class, children in the C-PP class reported significantly higher resilience in school (Est. = −0.42, p = 0.006), community (Est. = −0.51, p = 0.001), and peer (Est. = −0.37, p = 0.004) contexts. No other class differences emerged. Findings highlight the importance of positive and consistent maternal-child interactions, which may help youth access a network of resilience resources that can promote healthy development and bolster well-being.

Highlights

  • Most mother-child dyads agreed that their interactions, which included parenting practices and communication, were positive.

  • When mothers and children agreed that their interactions were positive, children reported higher external resilience resources.

  • Maternal SAVA (substance abuse, violence, AIDS/HIV) did not affect whether mother-child reports of parenting were concordant/positive.

  • Older children were more likely to be in dyads with very negative child perspectives on parenting and slightly negative maternal perspectives.

  • Mothers with lower SES were more likely to report negative views of their parenting, despite their children holding positive perspectives.

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Fig. 1

Data availability

Participant consents did not include permission for public release of deidentified data. As such, aggregate data may be available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

Notes

  1. For consistency with the acronym, the term "substance abuse" is used here. This term is stigmatizing and potentially harmful (see Saitz et al., 2021). When referring to substance use elsewhere in the manuscript, we have chosen to use terminology that is more descriptive and accurate (e.g., "potentially harmful substance use").

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Acknowledgements

We thank the families, youth, and community partners who made this research possible, as well as the graduate and undergraduate research assistants who assisted with data collection and management.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Institute of Health (R15HD089410; PI: Howell). This support does not necessarily imply endorsement of the study’s research conclusions by the funding agency.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Rhodes College, 200 N Parkway, Memphis, TN, 38112, USA

    Amanda J. Hasselle

  2. Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, 356 Psychology Building, Memphis, TN, 38152, USA

    Kathryn H. Howell & Taylor R. Napier

  3. Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 256 Psychology Building, College Station, TX, 77843, USA

    Whitney C. Howie

  4. Departments of Public Health & Health Sciences and Applied Psychology, Institute for Health Equity and Social Justice Research, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, 322 INV, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Idia B. Thurston

Authors
  1. Amanda J. Hasselle
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  2. Kathryn H. Howell
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  3. Taylor R. Napier
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  4. Whitney C. Howie
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  5. Idia B. Thurston
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Contributions

AH contributed to study conception, conducting analyses, writing the original manuscript draft, reviewing/editing the original manuscript, and addressing editor/reviewer feedback. KH contributed to study conception and design, funding acquisition, supervision, reviewing/editing the original manuscript, and reviewing/editing the revised manuscript. TN contributed to data preparation, study conception, writing the original draft, and addressing editor/reviewer feedback. WH contributed to writing the original draft and addressing editor/reviewer feedback. IT contributed to study conception and design, funding acquisition, supervision, reviewing/editing the original manuscript, and reviewing/editing the revised manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kathryn H. Howell.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethical approval

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the University of Memphis Institutional Review Board (04/14/2017; PRO-FY2017-481).

Informed consent

Written informed consent was obtained from all adult participants in the study. Children provided assent.

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Hasselle, A.J., Howell, K.H., Napier, T.R. et al. Profiles of Maternal-Child Interactions and their Association with Children’s External Resilience Resources. J Child Fam Stud (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02881-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02881-4

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