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Fine-scale population genetic structure of Endangered Caspian Sea trout, Salmo caspius: implications for conservation

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Abstract

Many populations of Caspian Sea trout (Salmo caspius)—a nationally endangered species in Iran—have been extirpated or depleted due to anthropogenic impacts. The Lar National Park hosts large populations of Caspian Sea trout, which have not been subject to fisheries management programs before, but the population/s also face different human-related threats that may endanger their sustainability. A total of 357 Caspian Sea trout collected from different streams in Lar National Park were genotyped at 7978 filtered SNP using Genoty**-By-Sequencing to document population genetic structure and the contribution of each population/habitat to lake-run trout fisheries. Our results revealed a fine-scale population genetic structure, which is probably a product of factors including natural and artificial barriers to gene flow, geographic distance, and behavioral differences between resident and lake-run trout. Mixed-Stock Analyses revealed a high contribution from four panmictic populations of the national park to lake-run fish and almost no contribution from streams located in upper reaches or from streams with hydro-chemical or physical barriers. Our results highlighted the necessity for a more serious conservation plan for both the populations contributing greatly to lake fisheries and the highly diverged upstream populations due to their uniqueness.

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Acknowledgements

We thank A. Perreault, C. Hernandez, and C. Babin of Laboratory of Bernatchez (Laval University) for their kind assistance during laboratory work and A. M. Elmi, A. Zamani, A. Alizadeh, A. Ahmadi, and M. Monemi of the Iranian Department of Environment for their assistance during field work in the Lar National Park. We also thank Brian Boyle and the staff from the IBIS genomic analyses platform (Laval University, Québec City, Canada), for their assistance in library preparation and genoty** (http://www.ibis.ulaval.ca). We are also grateful to Editor (Christian Sturmbauer) and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive inputs on a previous version of this manuscript. This work is supported by a NSERC (Canada) Discovery Grant (http://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca) to Louis Bernatchez, the Iranian Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, ShahreKord University (Grant No. 688MIGRD94), and the Fonds de Recherche du Québec – Nature et Technologies (FRQNT).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management, Environmental Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, Shahid Shahriari Boulevard, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran

    Seyedeh Narjes Tabatabaei, Asghar Abdoli, Faraham Ahmadzadeh & Farshad Nejat

  2. Department of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, ShahreKord University, Rahbar Boulevard, Shahr-e-Kord, 88818634141, Iran

    Iraj Hashemzadeh Segherloo

  3. Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada

    Seyedeh Narjes Tabatabaei, Iraj Hashemzadeh Segherloo, Eric Normandeau & Louis Bernatchez

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  1. Seyedeh Narjes Tabatabaei
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Contributions

SNT contributed in designing the study, did the field and laboratory work, data analysis, and drafted the manuscript; AA contributed in designing the study, field work, and drafting the manuscript, IHS contributed in designing the study, field work, data analysis, and drafting the manuscript; EN contributed in bioinformatics and drafting the manuscript; FA contributed in the design of the study and drafting the manuscript; FN contributed in field work; and LB contributed in designing the study, provided laboratory facilities necessary to perform all the laboratory work, next-generation sequencing, data processing, and contributed to drafting the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Seyedeh Narjes Tabatabaei or Asghar Abdoli.

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Tabatabaei, S.N., Abdoli, A., Hashemzadeh Segherloo, I. et al. Fine-scale population genetic structure of Endangered Caspian Sea trout, Salmo caspius: implications for conservation. Hydrobiologia 847, 3339–3353 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04334-7

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