SpringerLink
Log in

Drivers of Land-Use Change in Agroforestry Landscapes of Southern Mexico

  • Published:
Human Ecology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The causes of deforestation and forest degradation are complex and often region-specific. Socioeconomic factors have been identified as the primary driver, having a strong impact on landscape structure as they degrade or improve the ability of landscapes to provide habitats for a variety of species. Coffee agroforestry systems have great potential to provide habitats for multiple species. However, this coexistence depends on a fragile balance as most coffee producers are poor and highly vulnerable to variations in the price of agricultural products, and coffee plants are susceptible to crop pests and diseases, among other factors. We conducted an in-depth analysis of the drivers of land use change in a high-biodiversity landscape in southern Mexico where shaded coffee systems favor the connectivity of several protected natural areas. We elaborated land-use change maps using high-resolution images and conducted 106 semi-structured interviews to gather information on the causes of land-use change. The types of land cover across 7409 ha changed over ten years (2005–2015): 3658 ha (49%) due to habitat loss and degradation, 2370 ha (32%) to habitat gain, and 1381 ha (19%) to conversion from other non-forest areas. In all cases, the predominant drivers were the incidence of pests and diseases and the lack of profitability of coffee, which influenced the strategies available to producers. The volatility of coffee prices, the incidence of pests and diseases, and the lack of a sustainable national coffee policy are serious threats to the conservation of shaded coffee systems and biodiversity in this region.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Álvarez Martínez, J. M., Suárez-Seoane, S., & de Calabuig, L., E (2011). Modelling the risk of land cover change from environmental and socio-economic drivers in heterogeneous and changing landscapes: The role of uncertainty. Landscape and Urban Planning, 101, 108–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.01.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Álvarez-Icaza, P. (2013). Corredor Biológico Mesoamericano en México. Biodiversitas, 110, 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderzén, J., Guzmán Luna, A., Luna-González, D., Merrill, S. C., Caswell, M., Méndez, V. E., & Hernández Jonapá, R. (2020). & Mier y Terán Giménez Cacho, M. Effects of on-farm diversification strategies on smallholder coffee farmer food security and income sufficiency in Chiapas, Mexico. Journal of Rural Studies, 77, 33–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.04.001

  • Attwood, S., Estrada Carmona, N., Declerck, F., Wood, S., Beggi, F., Gauchan, D., Bai, K., & Zonneveld, V. (2017). Using biodiversity to provide multiple services in sustainable farming systems. Mainstreaming Agrobiodiversity in Sustainable Food Systems, 53–80.

  • Avelino, J., Cristancho, M., Georgiou, S., Imbach, P., Aguilar, L., Bornemann, G., Läderach, P., Anzueto, F., Hruska, A. J., & Morales, C. (2015). The coffee rust crises in Colombia and Central America (2008–2013): Impacts, plausible causes and proposed solutions. Food Security, 7(2), 303–321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-015-0446-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bacon, C. M., Sundstrom, W. A., Stewart, I. T., & Beezer, D. (2017). Vulnerability to cumulative hazards: Co** with the coffee Leaf Rust outbreak, drought, and food insecurity in Nicaragua. World Development, 93, 136–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.12.025

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, A. F., & Saunders, D. A. (2010). Habitat fragmentation and landscape change. In Sodhi, & Ehrlich (Eds.), Conservation Biology for all (pp. 88–106). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1086/523187

  • Brooks, T. M., Mittermeier, R. A., Mittermeier, C. G., Gustavo, A., Fonseca, B., Rylands, A. B., Konstant, W. R., Flick, P., Pilgrim, J., Magin, G., & Hilton-Taylor, C. (2002). Habitat loss and extinction in the hotspots of biodiversity. Conservation Biology, 16(4), 909–923.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Calzada, L., Meave, J. A., Bonfil, C., & Figueroa, F. (2018). Lands at risk land use-land cover change in two contrasting tropical dry regions of Mexico. Applied Geography, 99, 22–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castellanos, E. J., Tucker, C., Eakin, H., Morales, H., Barrera, J. F., & Diaz, R. (2012). Assessing the adaptation strategies of farmers facing multiple stressors: Lessons from the coffee and global changes project in Mesoamerica. Environmental Science and Policy, 6, 19–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2012.07.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clewley, D., Bunting, P., Shepherd, J., Gillingham, S., Flood, N., Dymond, J., Lucas, R., Armston, J., & Moghaddam, M. (2014). A python-based open source system for geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) utilizing raster attribute tables. Remote Sensing, 6, 6111–6135. http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/6/7/6111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coelho, M. T. P., Raniero, M., Silva, M. I., & Hasui, É. (2016). The effects of landscape structure on functional groups of Atlantic forest birds. Wilson Journal of Ornithology, 128(3), 520–534. https://doi.org/10.1676/1559-4491-128.3.520

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CONAPO (2012). Índice de marginación por localidad 2010. Índices de Marginación. http://www.conapo.gob.mx/en/CONAPO/Indice_de_Marginacion_por_Localidad_2010

  • CONAPO (2022). Categoría migratoria municipal 1995–2000 y 2005–2010. In Panorama del fenómeno migratorio interno. Datos abiertos de México. Consejo Nacional de Población (CONAPO). http://conapo.gob.mx/es/CONAPO/Descargas_Panorama_del_fenomeno_migratorio_interno

  • CONEVAL (2015). Indicadores de pobreza, pobreza por ingresos, gini y rezago social 1990, 2000, 2005 y 2010 a nivel municipal. Datos Abiertos. http://www.coneval.gob.mx/Informes/Pobreza/Datos_abiertos/Indicadores_municipales/Indicadores_municipales_sabana_DIC.csv

  • Cortina-Villar, S., Plascencia-Vargas, H., Vaca-Genuit, R., Schroth, G., Zepeda, Y., Soto-Pinto, L., & Nahed-Toral, J. (2012). Resolving the conflict between ecosystem protection and land use in protected areas of the Sierra Madre de Chiapas, Mexico. Environmental Management, 49, 649–662. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-011-9799-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Domínguez-Cervantes, E. (2009). Conectividad biológica y social. Zonas de influencia de las áreas naturales protegidas. In Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO) (Ed.), Corredor Biológico Mesoamericano México (Issue 5, pp. 1–130). CONABIO.

  • Eakin, H., Tucker, C., & Castellanos, E. (2006). Responding to the coffee crisis: A pilot study of farmers’ adaptations in Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras. The Geographical Journal, 172(2), 156–171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eakin, H., York, A., Aggarwal, R., Waters, S., Welch, J., Rubiños, C., Smith-Heisters, S., Bausch, C., & Anderies, J. M. (2016). Cognitive and institutional influences on farmers’ adaptive capacity: Insights into barriers and opportunities for transformative change in central Arizona. Regional Environmental Change, 16, 801–814. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-015-0789-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Escobar-Ocampo, M. C., Castillo-Santiago, M., Ochoa-Gaona, S., Enríquez, P. L., & Sibelet, N. (2019). Assessment of habitat quality and landscape connectivity for forest-dependent cracids in the Sierra Madre del Sur Mesoamerican Biological Corridor, México. Tropical Conservation Sciences, 12, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940082919878827

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Figueroa, F., & Sánchez-Cordero, V. (2008). Effectiveness of natural protected areas to prevent land use and land cover change in Mexico. Biodiversity and Conservation, 17(13), 3223–3240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-008-9423-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frank, E., Eakin, H., & López-Carr, D. (2011). Social identity, perception and motivation in adaptation to climate risk in the coffee sector of Chiapas, Mexico. Global Environmental Change, 21, 66–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.11.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • García-Estrada, C., Damon, A., Sánchez-Hernández, C., Soto-Pinto, L., & Ibarra-Núñez, G. (2006). Bat diversity in montane rainforest and shaded coffee under different management regimes in southeastern Chiapas, Mexico. Biological Conservation, 132(3), 351–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2006.04.027

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Geist, H. J., & Lambin, E. F. (2002). Proximate causes and underlying driving forces of tropical deforestation. BioScience, 52(2), 143–150. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2002)052[0143:PCAUDF]2.0.CO;2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Godínez-Gómez, O., Schank, C., Mas, J. F., & Mendoza, E. (2020). An integrative analysis of threats affecting protected areas in a biodiversity stronghold in Southeast Mexico. Global Ecology and Conservation, 24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01297

  • Gonçalves-Souza, D., Verburg, P. H., & Dobrovolski, R. (2020). Habitat loss, extinction predictability and conservation efforts in the terrestrial ecoregions. Biological Conservation, 246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108579

  • Gordon, C., Manson, R., Sundberg, J., & Cruz-Angón, A. (2007). Biodiversity, profitability, and vegetation structure in a mexican coffee agroecosystem. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 118(1–4), 256–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.05.023

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gutiérrez-Lacayo, M., Bacmeister, A., Ortíz Martínez de Kores, G., Ortíz Reyes, G., & Montesinos César, J. A. (2003). Herramientas legales para la conservación de tierras privadas y sociales en México (2a.). Pronatura AC.

  • Haggar, J., Soto, G., Casanoves, F., & de Virginio, E. M (2017). Environmental-economic benefits and trade-offs on sustainably certified coffee farms. Ecological Indicators, 79, 330–337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.04.023

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, A. J., & Defries, R. (2007). Ecological mechanisms linking protected areas to surrounding lands. Ecological Applications, 17(4), 974–988.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harvey, C. A., Pritts, A. A., Zwetsloot, M. J., Jansen, K., Pulleman, M. M., Armbrecht, I., Avelino, J., Barrera, J. F., Bunn, C., García, J. H., Isaza, C., Munoz-Ucros, J., Pérez-Alemán, C. J., Rahn, E., Robiglio, V., Somarriba, E., & Valencia, V. (2021). Transformation of coffee-growing landscapes across Latin America. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development (41 vol., pp. 41–62). Springer-Verlag. 5Italia s.r.lhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-021-00712-0

  • Henderson, T. P. (2019). La roya y el futuro del café en Chiapas. Revista Mexicana de Sociologia, 81(2), 389–416. https://doi.org/10.22201/iis.01882503p.2019.2.57874

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hernández-Aguilera, J. N., Conrad, J. M., Gómez, M. I., & Rodewald, A. D. (2019). The Economics and Ecology of Shade-grown coffee: A model to incentivize Shade and Bird Conservation. Ecological Economics, 159(January), 110–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.01.015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hishe, H., Giday, K., van Orshovea, J., Muys, B., Taheri, F., Azadi, H., Feng, L., Zamani, O., Mirzaei, M., & Witlox, F. (2021). Analysis of land use land cover dynamics and driving factors in Desa’a Forest in Northern Ethiopia. Land Use Policy, 101, 1–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ICAFE (2022). Lista de Precios de Históricos de Café. Official Website of the Coffee Institute of Costa Rica (ICAFE). http://www.icafe.cr/sector-cafetalero/bolsa-de-new-york/precios-historicos-de-cafe/

  • INEGI (2017). Modelo digital de elevación para el estado de Chiapas (MDE). Continuo de Elevaciones Mexicano 3.0 (CEM 3.0) Del INEGI. http://www.inegi.org.mx/geo/contenidos/datosrelieve/continental/continuoelevaciones.aspx

  • INEGI (2021). Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020. https://www.inegi.org.mx/programas/ccpv/2020/#Datos_abiertos

  • Jantz, S. M., Jantz, S. M., Barker, B., Brooks, T. M., Chini, L. P., Huang, Q., Moore, R. M., Noel, J., & Hurtt, G. C. (2015). Future habitat loss and extinctions driven by land-use change in biodiversity hotspots under four scenarios of climate‐change mitigation. Conservation Biology v, 29(4), 1122–1131. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12549. -2015 v.29 no.4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jha, S., Bacon, C. M., Philpott, S. M., Méndez, V. E., Läderach, P., & Rice, R. A. (2014). Shade coffee: Update on a disappearing refuge for biodiversity. BioScience, 64(5), 416–428. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biu038

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jhariya, M. K., Banerjee, A., Meena, R. S., Kumar, S., & Raj, A. (2021). Sustainable intensification for Agroecosystem Services and Management: An overview. Sustainable intensification for Agroecosystem Services and Management (pp. 1–36). First.

  • Kolb, M., Mas, J., & Galicia, L. (2013). Evaluating drivers of land-use change and transition potential models in a complex landscape in Southern Mexico. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 27(9), 1804–1827. https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2013.770517

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laurance, W. F., Useche, D. C., & Zamzani, F. (2012). Averting biodiversity collapse in tropical forest protected areas. Nature, 489, 290–294.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laurenceau, M., & Soto Pinto, L. (2015). Sistemas agroforestales para la adaptación al cambio climático en el área protegida La Frailescana, Chiapas, México. Sociedades Rurales, Producción y Medio Ambiente, 15(30), 19–49.

  • Leyequién, E., de Boer, W. F., & Toledo, V. M. (2010). Bird community composition in a shaded coffee agro-ecological matrix in Puebla, Mexico: The effects of landscape heterogeneity at multiple spatial scales. Biotropica, 42(2), 236–245. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00553.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lorenzen, M., Orozco-Ramírez, Q., Ramírez-Santiago, R., & Garza, G. G. (2020). Migration, socioeconomic transformation, and land-use change in Mexico’s Mixteca Alta: Lessons for forest transition theory. Land Use Policy, 95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104580

  • Miller, K., Chang, E., & Johnson, N. (2001). Defining common ground for the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor. In World Resources Institute, Washington DC, USA. World Resources Institute. http://www.bio-nica.info/Biblioteca/Miller2001.pdf

  • Moguel, P., & Toledo, V. M. (1999). Biodiversity conservation in traditional coffee systems of Mexico. Conservation Biology, 13(1), 11–21. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.97153.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mortelliti, A., Fagiani, S., Battisti, C., Capizzi, D., Boitani, L., & Heikkinen, R. (2010). Independent effects of habitat loss, habitat fragmentation and structural connectivity on forest-dependent birds. Diversity and Distributions, 16(6), 941–951.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Müllerried, M. K. G. (1982). La geología de Chiapas. México: Publicaciones del Gobierno del Estado de Chiapas.

    Google Scholar 

  • Myers, N., Mittermeier, R. A., Mittermeier, C. G., da Fonseca, G. A. B., & Kent, J. (2000). Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature, 403, 853–858.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olofsson, P., Foody, G. M., Herold, M., Stehman, S., Woodcock, C. E., & Wulder, M. A. (2014). Good practices for estimating area and assessing accuracy of land change. Remote Sensing of Environment, 148, 42–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.02.015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pedregosa, F., Varoquaux, G., Gramfort, A., Michel, V., Thirion, B., Grisel, O., Blondel, M., Prettenhofer, P., Weiss, R., Dubourg, V., Vanderplas, J., Passos, A., & Cournapeau, D. (2011). Scikit-learn: Machine learning in Python. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 12, 2825–2830.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perfecto, I., Rice, R., & Greenberg, R. (1996). Shade coffee: A disappearing refuge for biodiversity. BioScience, 46(8), 598–608. https://doi.org/10.2307/1312989

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perfecto, I., Vandermeer, J., Mas, A., & Soto-Pinto, L. (2005). Biodiversity, yield, and shade coffee certification. Ecological Economics, 54(4), 435–446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.10.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perfecto, I., Armbrecht, I., Philpott, S. M., Soto-Pinto, L., & Dietsch, T. (2007). Shaded coffee and the stability of rainforest margins in northern Latin America. Environmental Science and Engineering Book, 227–263.

  • Philpott, S. M., & Bichier, P. (2012). Effects of shade tree removal on birds in coffee agroecosystems in Chiapas, Mexico. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 149, 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.02.015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Philpott, S. M., Arendt, W. J., Armbrecht, I., Bichier, P., Diestch, T., Gordon, C., Greenberg, R., Perfecto, I., Reynoso-Santos, R., Soto-Pinto, L., Tejeda-Cruz, C., Williams-Linera, G., Valenzuela, J., & Zolotoff, J. M. (2008a). Biodiversity loss in latin american coffee landscapes: Review of the evidence on ants, birds, and trees. Conservation Biology, 22(5), 1093–1105. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01029.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Philpott, S. M., Arendt, W. J., Armbrecht, I., Bichier, P., Diestch, T., Gordon, C., Greenberg, R., Perfecto, I., Reynoso-Santos, R., Soto-Pinto, L., Tejeda-Cruz, C., Williams-Linera, G., Valenzuela, J., & Zolotoff, J. M. (2008a). Biodiversity loss in latin american coffee landscapes: Review of the evidence on ants, birds, and trees. Conservation Biology, 22(5), 1093–1105. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01029.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prieto-Torres, D. A., Navarro-Sigüenza, A. G., Santiago-Alarcon, D., & Rojas-Soto, O. R. (2016). Response of the endangered tropical dry forests to climate change and the role of mexican protected Areas for their conservation. Global Change Biology, 22(1), 364–379. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13090

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • QGIS Development Team. (2017). QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. http://qgis.osgeo.org

  • Radel, C., Jokisch, B. D., Schmook, B., Carte, L., Aguilar-Stoen, M., Hermans, K., Zimmerer, K., & Aldrich, S. (2019). Migration as a feature of land system transitions. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 38, 103–110.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • RAN. (2022). Perimetrales núcleos agrarios shape Entidad Federativa Chiapas. Datos Abiertos de México.

  • Renard, M. C. (1999). II - La regulación del mercado internacional del café: Una perspectiva histórica. In Los intersticios de la globalización: un label “Max Havelaar” para los pequeños productores de café (pp. 81–141). Centro de estudios mexicanos y centroamericanos. https://doi.org/10.4000/books.cemca.526

  • Renard, M. C., & Larroa-Torres, R. M. (2017). Política pública y sustentabilidad de los territorios cafetaleros en tiempos de roya: Chiapas y Veracruz. Estudios Latinoamericanos, 40, 95. https://doi.org/10.22201/cela.24484946e.2017.40.61593

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richter, M. (2000). The ecological crisis in Chiapas: A case study from Central America. Mountain Research and Development, 20(4), 332–339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • SAGARPA (2005). Plan Rector del Sistema Producto Café en México. 92 p.

  • Schneeberger, N., Bu, M., Hersperger, A. M., & Ewald, K. C. (2007). Driving forces and rates of landscape change as a promising combination for landscape change research — an application on the northern fringe of the Swiss Alps. Land Use Policy, 24, 349–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2006.04.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schroth, G., Laderach, P., Dempewolf, J., Philpott, S., Haggar, J., Eakin, H., Castillejos, T., García Moreno, J., Soto Pinto, L., Hernández, R., Eitzinger, A., & Ramírez-Villegas, J. (2009). Towards a climate change adaptation strategy for coffee communities and ecosystems in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas, Mexico. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 14, 605–625. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-009-9186-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • SIAP (2021). Estadística de Producción Agrícola. Datos Abiertos de México. Servicio de Información Agroalimentaria y Pesquera (SIAP). http://infosiap.siap.gob.mx/gobmx/datosAbiertos_a.php

  • Soto-Pinto, L., Anzueto, M., Mendoza, J., Ferrer, G. J., & de Jong, B. (2010). Carbon sequestration through agroforestry in indigenous communities of Chiapas, Mexico. Agroforestry Systems, 78(1), 39–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-009-9247-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi, R., & Todo, Y. (2017). Coffee certification and forest quality: Evidence from a wild coffee forest in Ethiopia. World Development, 92, 158–166.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tucker, C. M., Eakin, H., & Castellanos, E. J. (2010). Perceptions of risk and adaptation: Coffee producers, market shocks, and extreme weather in Central America and Mexico. Global Environmental Change, 20, 23–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.07.006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Uezu, A., Beyer, D. D., & Metzger, J. P. (2008). Can agroforest woodlots work as step** stones for birds in the Atlantic forest region? Biodiversity and Conservation, 17(8), 1907–1922. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-008-9329-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Villafuerte Solís, D., & García Aguilar, M. (2008). del C. Algunas causas de la migración internacional en Chiapas. In Economía y Sociedad (CESMECA-UNICACH), 21, 41–58).

  • Villafuerte-Solís, D., & García-Aguilar, M. (2006). del C. Crisis rural y migraciones en Chiapas. Migración y Desarrollo, 6, 102–130.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Observación y Estudio de la Tierra, la Atmósfera y el Océano, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, México

    María Consuelo Escobar-Ocampo, Miguel Ángel Castillo-Santiago, Edith Mondragón-Vázquez & Flor Rocío Espinosa-Jiménez

  2. Departamento de Ciencias de la Sustentabilidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Lerma, Campeche, México

    Susana Ochoa-Gaona

  3. Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, México

    Paula L. Enríquez

  4. CIRAD, UMR INNOVATION, Montpellier, F-34398, France

    Nicole Sibelet

  5. INNOVATION, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France

    Nicole Sibelet

Authors
  1. María Consuelo Escobar-Ocampo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Miguel Ángel Castillo-Santiago
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Susana Ochoa-Gaona
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Paula L. Enríquez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Edith Mondragón-Vázquez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Flor Rocío Espinosa-Jiménez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Nicole Sibelet
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Miguel Ángel Castillo-Santiago.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Escobar-Ocampo, M.C., Castillo-Santiago, M.Á., Ochoa-Gaona, S. et al. Drivers of Land-Use Change in Agroforestry Landscapes of Southern Mexico. Hum Ecol 51, 409–422 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-023-00417-w

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-023-00417-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation