Abstract
This article explores depictions of religion and religious topics in children's biographies included on the National Science Teacher’s Association’s Outstanding Science Trade Books for Students K-12 lists from 2011 through 2017. While disagreements and controversies about the role of religion in U.S. public schools are not new, these debates have experienced a resurgence in recent years due, in part, to the increased emphasis placed upon science as a content area. As a vital component of transformative, democratic, justice-oriented education, educators have a responsibility to validate and honor their students' religious liberties, and understand and respect a variety of different belief systems. And yet, teachers often report feeling unprepared and even afraid to discuss religions in public school settings. Grounded in the belief that all knowledge, including scientific knowledge, is socially constructed, this article explores the ways in which these topics are taken up in children's books that have been identified as exemplary and recommended for classroom use.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10583-021-09460-x/MediaObjects/10583_2021_9460_Fig1_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10583-021-09460-x/MediaObjects/10583_2021_9460_Fig2_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10583-021-09460-x/MediaObjects/10583_2021_9460_Fig3_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10583-021-09460-x/MediaObjects/10583_2021_9460_Fig4_HTML.jpg)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adichie, C. N. (2009, October). The Danger of a Single Story [Video file]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D9Ihs241zeg
Anti-Defamation League. (2012). Religion in the Public Schools. https://www.adl.org/sites/default/files/documents/assets/pdf/civil-rights/religiousfreedom/rips/ReligPubSchs-PDF.pdf.
Ashby, R. (2009). Young Charles Darwin and the voyage of the Beagle. Peachtree.
Atkins, J. (2016). Finding Wonders: Three Girls Who Changed Science. Atheneum Books.
Aziz, S. (2013). The Muslim Within American Children’s Literature Female Identity and Subjectivity in Novels About Pakistani-Muslim Character. In J. Stephens (Ed.), Subjectivity in Asian Children’s Literature and Film: Global Theories and Implications, (pp. 43–59). Routledge.
Bagdonas, A., and Silva, C.C. (2015). Enhancing Teachers’ Awareness About Relations Between Science and Religion: The Debate Between Steady State and Big Bang Theories. Science and Education, 24, 1173–1199.
Baker, J.O. (2012). Public Perceptions of Incompatibility Between “Science and Religion.” Public Understanding of Science, 21, 340–353.
Barbour, I.G. (1990). Religion in an Age of Science: The Gifford Lectures 1989–1991 (Vol. 1). Harper Collins.
Booth, A. (2003) Teaching History at University: Enhancing Learning and Understanding. Routledge.
Bradford, C. (2017). Prizing National and Transnational: Australian Texts in the Printz Award. In K.K. Kidd and J.T. Thomas (Eds.), Prizing Children’s Literature: the Cultural Politics of Children’s Book Awards, (pp. 19–31). Taylor & Francis.
Bretl, B. (2020). Religious and Scientific Concept Integration in Developmental, Cultural, and Educational Context. Religion & Education, 47(3), 257–272.
Brown, M. (2008/1958). Distinction in picture books. In A.S. Wyile & T. Rosenberg (Eds.), Considering children’s literature: A reader (pp. 84–91). Broadview Press.
Brunner, J.L., and Abd-El-Khalick, F. (2017) Representation of Nature of Science in U.S. Elementary Science Trade Books. In C.V. McDonald & F. Abd-El-Khalick (Eds.) Representations of Nature of Science in School Science Textbooks (pp. 135–151). Routledge.
Butler, C., and O’Donovan, H. (2012). Reading History in Children’s Books. Palgrave Macmillan.
Buzzeo, T. (2015). A Passion for Elephants: The Real Life Adventure of Field Scientist Cynthia Moss. Dial.
Christensen, B. (2012). I, Galileo. Alfred A. Knopf.
Children’s Book Council. (2018). Submit to our BEST OF Lists. Children’s Book Council. http://www.cbcbooks.org/membership/co-sponsored-reading-lists/.
Crisp, T. (2015). A Content Analysis of Orbis Pictus Award-Winning Nonfiction, 1990–2014. Language Arts, 92(4), 241–255.
Cowhey, M. (2009, July). Religion and Science: How I Navigate Evolution (and Creationism) in a Second Grade Classroom. Teaching Tolerance. https://www.tolerance.org/magazine/religion-and-science.
Crowther, D.T., Venable, C., and Barman, C. (2005). The Making of “the List”: Understanding the Selection Process for the Outstanding Science Trade Books List. The Science Teacher, 72(3), 61–62.
Cummins, J. (2011). What Are Jewish Boys and Girls Made of?: Gender in Contemporary Jewish Teen and Tween Fiction. Children’s Literature Association Quarterly, 36(3), 296–317.
Dávila, D. (2015a). #WhoNeedsDiverseBooks: Preservice Teachers and Religious Neutrality with Children’s Literature. Research in the Teaching of English, 50(1), 60–83.
Davila, D. (2015b). Our Lady of Guadalupe at School: Picture Books, Preservice Teachers, and the Discourse of Religious Il(literacy). Multicultural Education, 15, 1–22.
Dávila, D., and Elovich, S. (2021). Religious Holidays in Nonfiction Literature for Young Children. In T. Crisp, S. M. Knezek, & R. Price Gardner (Eds.), Reading and Teaching with Diverse Nonfiction Children’s Books: Representations and Possibilities (124–138). NCTE.
deGrasse Tyson, N. (1999, October). Holy Wars. Natural History Magazine. http://www.haydenplanetarium.org/tyson/read/1999/10/01/holy-wars
Eichler-Levine, J. (2010). The Curious Conflation of Hanukkah and the Holocaust in Jewish Children’s Literature. Shofar, 28(2), 92–115.
Evans, J.H. (2013). The Growing Social and Moral Conflict Between Conservative Protestantism and Science. Journal of Scientific Study of Religion, 52, 368–385.
Galda, L., Liang, L.A., and Cullinan, B.E. (2017). Literature and the Child (9th ed.). Cengage.
Gallup. (2019). Wellcome Global Monitor: How Does the World Feel About Science and Health? https://wellcome.org/sites/default/files/wellcome-global-monitor-2018.pdf.
Grbich, C. (2012). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Introduction. SAGE.
Gultekin, M., and May, L. (2020). Children’s Literature as Fun-House Mirrors, Blind Spots, and Curtains. The Reading Teacher, 73(5), 627–635.
Hartland, J. (2015). Steve Jobs: Insanely great. Schwartz & Wade Books.
Hermann-Wilmarth, J.M., and Ryan, C.L. (2015). Doing What You Can: Considering Ways to Address LGBT Topics in Language Arts Curricula. Language Arts, 92(6), 436–443.
Hill, J.D. (2017). ‘Good readers’ in Narnia: C.S. Lewis’s rhetoric of invitation. In J.H. Saunders (Ed.)., The rhetorical power of children’s literature (pp. 79–108). Lexington Books.
Hine, R.V. (1973). The American West: An Interpretive History. Little, Brown, & Company.
Jasanoff, S. (1996). Is Science Socially Constructed—and Can It Still Inform Public Policy? Science and Engineering Ethics, 2(3), 263–276.
Krasner, J., and Zollman, J.W. (2010). Are You There God? Judaism and Jewishness in Judy Blume’s Adolescent Fiction. Shofar, 29(1), 22–47.
Krippendorff, K. (2018). Content Analysis: An Introduction to its Methodology (4th ed.). SAGE.
Krull, K. (2009). Albert Einstein. Penguin.
Krull, K. (2013). Lives of the Scientists: Experiments, Explosion and What the Neighbors Thought. Harcourt.
Kurien, P.A. (2006). Multiculturalism and “American” Religion: The Case of Hindu Indian Americans. Social Forces, 85(2), 723–741.
Landauer, C., Logan, C., and Rodriguez-Astacio, R. (2018). Some Nonfiction Resources for Engaging in Critical Conversations. In V. Yenika-Agbaw, L.A. Hudock and R.M. Lowery (Eds.), Does Nonfiction Equal Truth?: Rethinking Disciplinary Boundaries Through Critical Literacy, (pp. 103–112). Rowman & Littlefield.
Lasky, K. (2017). Newton’s Rainbow: The Revolutionary Discoveries of a Young Scientist. Farrar Straus Giroux Books for Young Readers.
Lawlor, L. (2017). Super Women: Six Scientists Who Changed the World. Holiday House.
Lederman, N.G., Abd-El-Khalick, F., Bell, R.L., and Schwartz, R.S. (2002). Views of Nature of Science Questionnaire: Toward Valid and Meaningful Assessment of Learners’ Conceptions of Nature of Science. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 39(6), 497–521.
Lemley, L. (2017). “Why Do You Hurt These Children?: The Rhetoric of “risky Stories” in Children’s Literature. In J.H. Saunders (Ed.), The Rhetorical Power of Children’s Literature, (pp. 109–129). Lexington Books.
Longest, K.C., and Smith, C. (2011). Conflicting or Compatible: Beliefs about Religion and Science among Emerging Adults in the United States. Sociological Forum, 26, 846–869.
MacLeod, A.S. (1998). Writing Backward: Modern Models in Historical Fiction. The Horn Book Magazine. https://www.hbook.com/?detailStory=writing-backward-modern-models-in-historical-fiction.
Macy, S. (2014). Sally Ride: Life on a Mission. Aladdin.
Malnor, C., and Malnor, B. (2009). Earth Heroes: Champions of Wilderness. Dawn.
May, L., Crisp, T., Bingham, G.E., Schwartz, R.S., Pickens, M.T., and Woodbridge, K. (2020). The Durable, Dynamic Nature of Genre and Science: A Purpose-Driven Typology of Science Trade Books. Reading Research Quarterly, 55(3), 399–418.
Miller, D.I., Nolla, K.M., Eagly, A.H., and Uttal, D.H. (2018). The Development of Children’s Gender-Science Stereotypes: A Meta-analysis of Five Decades of U.S. Draw-A-Scientist studies. Child Development, 89(6), 1943–1955.
Miskec, J.M. (2011). Religion and Children’s Literature: A Decennial Examination. Children’s Literature Association Quarterly, 3, 255–258.
Montgomery, S. (2012). Temple Grandin: How the Girl Who Loved Cows Embraced Autism and Changed the World. Houghton Mifflin.
Moreira-dos-Santos, F., and El-Hani, C.N. (2017). Belief, Knowledge and Understanding: How to Deal with the Relations Between Different Cultural Perspectives in Classrooms. Science and Education, 26, 215–245.
Noyce, P.E. (2015a). Magnificent Minds: Sixteen Pioneering Women in Science and Medicine. Tumblehome Learning, Inc.
Noyce, P.E. (2015b). Remarkable Minds: Seventeen More Pioneering Women in Science and Medicine. Tumblehome Learning, Inc.
O’Brien, T.L., and Noy, S. (2015). Traditional, Modern, and Post-Secular Perspectives on Science and Religion in the United States. American Sociological Review, 80, 92–115.
O’Quinn, A. M. (2017). Marie Curie for Kids: Her Life and Scientific Discoveries, with 21 Activities and Experiments. Chicago Review Press.
O’Shaughnessy, T. (2015). Sally Ride: A Photobiography of America’s Pioneering Woman in Space. Roaring Book Press.
Ottaviani, J., and Wicks, M. (2013). Primates: The Fearless Science of Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey, and Biruté Galdikas. Roaring Book.
Pew Research Center. (2019, October). In U.S., Decline of Christianity Continues at Rapid Pace: An Update on America’s Changing Religious Landscape. https://www.pewforum.org/2019/10/17/in-u-s-decline-of-christianity-continues-at-rapid-pace/
Prévot, F. (2015). Wangari Maathai: The Woman Who Planted Millions of Trees (D. Clément, Trans.) Charlesbridge.
Prothero, S. (2010). God Is Not One: The Eight Rival Religions That Run the World—And Why Their Differences Matter. HarperCollins.
Polkinghorne, J.C. (2007). Exploring Reality: The Intertwining of Science and Religion. Yale University.
Pullman, P. (2017). Daemon Voices: On Stories and Storytelling. Alfred A Knopf.
Reef, C. (2016). Florence Nightingale: The Courageous Life of the legendary Nurse. Clarion Books.
Sanders, J.S. (2018). A Literature of Questions: Nonfiction for the Critical Child. U. of Minnesota Press.
Sanders, J., Foyil, K., and Graff, J.M. (2010). Conveying a Stance of Religious Pluralism in Children’s Literature. Children’s Literature in Education, 41(2), 168–188.
Shavit, Z. (1986). Poetics of Children’s Literature. U. of Georgia Press.
Sheldon, D. (2009). Into the Deep: The Life of Naturalist and Explorer William Beebe. Charlesbridge.
Siddiqui, S. (2016). Through the Looking Glass: Reflecting Muslim Narratives in Children’s Literature. The California Reader, 49(4), 10–14.
Skerrett, A. (2013). Religious Literacies in a Secular Literacy Classrooms. Reading Research Quarterly, 49(2), 233–250.
Smith, M.C. (2015). Small Wonders: Jean-Henri Fabre & His World of Insects. Two Lions.
Taylor, B.B. (2000). The Luminous Web: Essays on Science and Religion. Cowley Publications.
Thermes, J. (2016). Charles Darwin’s Around the World Adventure. Abrams Books for Young Readers.
Torres, H.J. (2016). On the Margins: The Depiction of Muslims in Young Children’s Picturebooks. Children’s Literature in Education, 47(3), 191–208.
Trousdale, A. (2001). Parallels, Polarities, and Intersections: Gender and Religion in Children’s Books. In S. Lehr (Ed.), Beauty, Brains, and Brawn: The Construction of Gender in Children’s Literature, (pp. 176–185). Heinemann.
Trousdale, A. (2005). Intersections of Spirituality, Religion and Gender in Children’s Literature. International Journal of Children’s Spirituality, 10(1), 61–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/13644360500039709.
Trousdale, A. (2011). Honouring the Questions: Shifts in the Treatment of Religion in Children’s Literature. International Journal of Children’s Spirituality, 16(3), 219–232.
Uecker, J.E., and Longest, K.C. (2017). Exposure to Science, Perspectives on Science and Religion, and Religious Commitment in Young Adulthood. Social Science Research, 65, 145–162.
Ventura, A. (2017). Prizing the Unrecognized: Systems of Value, Visibility, and the First World in International and Translated Children’s Texts. In K.K. Kidd and J.T. Thomas (Eds.), Prizing Children’s Literature: The Cultural Politics of Children’s Book Awards, (pp. 32–44). Taylor & Francis.
Werner, C., and Riga, F.P. (1989). The Persistence of Religion in Children’s Literature. Children’s Literature Association Quarterly, 14(1), 2–3.
Wilson, K. (2011). Re-visioning Historical Fiction for Young Readers: The Past Through Modern Eyes. Routledge.
Zarnowski, M. (2013). Reading for the Mystery in the Nonfiction Science Books. Journal of Children’s Literature, 39(2), 14–21.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Laura May is an associate professor in the Department of Early Childhood and Elementary Education at Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA; email: lauramay@gsu.edu. Thomas Crisp is an associate professor in the Department of Early Childhood and Elementary Education at Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA; email: tcrisp@gsu.edu. Mehmet Gultekin is an assistant professor at Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
May, L., Crisp, T. & Gultekin, M. The Intersections of Religion and Science in NSTA-OSTB Biographies. Child Lit Educ 53, 468–487 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10583-021-09460-x
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10583-021-09460-x