Abstract
The groundwater quality in the Lilou Coal Mine in Shandong Province can be divided into “three zones” based on the range of mining-induced fractures. Considering the observed Ordovician aquifer water level decline rate of 2.6 m/year, we propose that the saline mine water contained in Zones II and III can be injected into the well-developed underling karst Ordovician aquifer in Zone I. A water quality comparison of 27 factors demonstrated that only the Na+ concentration in the mine water exceeded that in the Ordovician aquifer water. The Ordovician aquifer has an average karst development thickness of 140 m, and the karst fracture rate ranges from 6 to 14%. The filter screen length of the injection well should reach 150 m to achieve zero pressure at the surface for an injection flow rate of 200 m3/h. With only the need to reduce Na+ concentrations below 319 mg/L, ≈ $2.4 million (U.S.) could be saved annually by simplifying the mine water treatment process.
摘要
根据采动裂隙的范围, 将山东**楼煤矿的地下水水质划分为“三区”。考虑到奥陶系含水层水位下降速率观测值为2.6 m/年, 我们建议将II区和III区所含的含盐矿井水注入I区发育良好的下伏奥陶系岩溶含水层。通过27个因素的水质比较表明, 矿井水中只有Na+浓度超过奥陶系含水层。奥陶系含水层岩溶的发育厚度**均为140m, 岩溶裂隙率在6-14%之间。注入井的滤网长度应达到150 m, 注入流速为200 m3/h的情况下实现地面零压力。只需将Na+浓度降低到319 mg/L以下, 通过简化矿井水处理过程, 每年可节省约240万美元。
Zusammenfassung
Die Qualität des Grundwassers in der Lilou Kohlenmine (Provinz Shandong) kann anhand des Ausmaßes bergbaubedingter Brüche in drei Zonen eingeteilt werden. In Anbetracht der beobachteten Absenkungsrate des ordovizischen Grundwasserleiters von 2,6 m/a schlagen wir vor, dass das in den Zonen II und III enthaltene, salzhaltige Grubenwasser in den gut entwickelten, darunterliegenden, ordovizischen Karstgrundwasserleiter in Zone I eingeleitet werden könnte. Ein Vergleich der Wasserqualität anhand von 27 Faktoren zeigte, dass nur die Na+-Konzentration des Grubenwassers über der des Grundwassers im ordovizischen Aquifer liegt. Der ordovizische Grundwasserleiter hat eine durchschnittliche Mächtigkeit der Karstbildung von 140 m und die Karstbruchrate liegt zwischen 6 und 14%. Die Länge des Filters der Injektionsbohrung sollte 150 m betragen, um bei einem Injektionsdurchfluss von 200 m³/h an der Oberfläche einen Druck von Null zu erreichen. Da nur eine Absenkung der Na Na+-Konzentration unter 319 mg/L erforderlich wird, könnten durch Vereinfachung der Grubenwasseraufbereitung jährlich rund 2,4 Mio. US-$ eingespart werden.
Resumen
La calidad del agua subterránea en la mina de carbón Lilou en la provincia de Shandong se puede dividir en "tres zonas" a partir del grado de fracturación inducido por la minería. Considerando la tasa de disminución del nivel del agua de 2.6 m/año observada en el acuífero Ordovícico, proponemos que el agua salina de la mina contenida en las Zonas II y III podría ser inyectada en el acuífero Ordovícico kárstico bien desarrollado en la Zona I. Una comparación de la calidad del agua a partir de 27 factores demostró que solo la concentración de Na+ en el agua de la mina superaba la del agua del acuífero Ordovícico. El acuífero Ordovícico tiene un grosor promedio de desarrollo kárstico de 140 m, mientras que la tasa de fracturación kárstica varía del 6 a 14%. La longitud de la pantalla del filtro del pozo de inyección debería alcanzar los 150 m para lograr una presión cero en la superficie con una tasa de flujo de inyección de 200 m3/h. Solo necesitando reducir las concentraciones de Na+ por debajo de 319 mg/L, se podrían ahorrar aproximadamente 2.4 millones $ anualmente, al simplificar el proceso de tratamiento del agua de la mina.
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Acknowledgements
This work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Project of China (Grant 2019YFC1805400), the Shandong Energy Group Co., Ltd Key, Science and Technology Project (Grant SNKJ2022A02-R18), the National Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant BK20210524), and the National Natural Science Foundation (Grant 42202268). We thank the editors and anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions.
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Fig. S1.
Water level fluctuation trend in the three complete well pum** tests (DOCX 126 KB)
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Li, X., Chen, G., Wei, W. et al. Feasibility of Injecting Pretreated Mine Water into a Deep Ordovician Aquifer in the Lilou Coal Mine, China. Mine Water Environ 43, 168–182 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-024-00977-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-024-00977-3