Abstract
The cellulose synthase gene superfamily contains cellulose synthase (CesA) and cellulose synthase-like (Csl) gene families, which synthesize cellulose and hemicellulose in plant cell walls and play a crucial role in plant growth and development. However, the CesA/Csl gene family has not been reported in pepper. Therefore, the genome-wide research of the CaCesA/CaCsl gene family was conducted in pepper. In this study, a total of 39 CaCesA/CaCsls genes (10 CesAs genes and 29 Csls genes) were identified in pepper and unevenly distributed on 11 chromosomes. These CaCesA/Csls were divided into seven subfamilies (CesAs, CslAs, CslBs, CslCs, CslDs, CslEs, CslGs), and most of CaCesA/Csls genes are closely related to AtCesA/Csls genes. The cis-acting elements in the promoters of CaCesA/Csls genes are mainly related to hormone response and stress response. There are ten collinear gene pairs between the CesA/Csls gene family of pepper and Arabidopsis, and four fragment duplication gene pairs of the CaCesA/Csls genes were discovered. RNA-seq analysis shows that the majority of CaCesA/Csls are expressed in a variety of plant tissues, indicating that most CaCesA/Csls gene expression patterns are not organ-specific, and CaCslD1/D4 have the highest expression in anthers, followed by petal, ovary, and F9. RNA-seq analysis shows that most CaCesA/Csls are responsive to five hormones (IAA, GA3, ABA, SA, and MeJA). The tissue-specific expression analysis of the CaCslD1 gene shows that the CaCslD1 gene is expressed specifically in flowers. In the flower buds IV of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and its restoration of fertility (Rf) system, CaCslD1 reach the highest expression respectively. However, the relative expression level of CaCslD1 in the fertile accessions is extremely significantly higher than in the sterile accessions. This study shows an overall understanding of the CaCesA/Csls gene family and provides a new insight for understanding the function of CaCslD1 in pollen development and exploring the fertility restoration of CMS in pepper.
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We are grateful to Feng Liu researcher at the College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University for kindly providing transcriptomic data.
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Panpan Duan, Gaoyuan Zhang, and Bingqiang Wei conceived of or designed the study; Panpan Duan, Bingdiao Gou, and Ru Zhang were mainly responsible for downloading the data; Panpan Duan and Min Wei were responsible for performing research; Panpan Duan, Nan Yang, and Tao Zhang were responsible for the beautification and analyzed data; Panpan Duan and Ru Zhang interpreted the data and composed the manuscript; Shufang Zhao, Nan Yang, Panpan Duan, Min Wei, and Bingqiang Wei reviewed the manuscript. All authors approved the manuscript.
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The work was supported by the Talent Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project of Lanzhou City, China (2021-RC-65) and the Primary Research & Development Plan of Gansu Province, China (21YF5NA091).
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Duan, P., Wei, M., Zhang, R. et al. Identification and bioinformatic analysis of the CaCesA/Csls family members and the expression of the CaCslD1 in the flower buds of CMS/Rf system in pepper. Funct Integr Genomics 22, 1411–1431 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-022-00896-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-022-00896-y