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Usefulness of SynCAM3 and cyclin D1 immunohistochemistry in distinguishing superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor from its histological mimics

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Abstract

Superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor (SCPFT) is a fibroblastic/myofibroblastic soft tissue tumor of rarely metastasizing intermediate malignancy. Some recent studies have described a relationship between SCPFT and PRDM10-rearranged soft tissue tumor (PRT) based on SynCAM3 and PRDM10 expression on immunohistochemistry. We performed CD34, cytokeratin AE1/AE3, SynCAM3, and PRDM10 immunohistochemistry in SCPFT and its histological mimics, including myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma (MIFS), superficially localized myxofibrosarcoma (MFS), and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. We also examined cyclin D1 expression because it is expressed in MIFS and MFS. We conducted fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of PRDM10 rearrangement in SCPFT cases. On immunohistochemistry, only SCPFT showed strong and diffuse SynCAM3 expression. SCPFT also exhibited strong nuclear and weak cytoplasmic cyclin D1 expression, which was similar to that observed in MIFS. Two of five SCPFT cases exhibited nuclear PRDM10 expression. FISH revealed PRDM10 split signals in 44% and 24% of tumor cells in two SCPFT cases showing nuclear PRDM10 expression on immunohistochemistry, respectively. A minority of non-SCPFT cases showed focal SynCAM3 expression, but a combination of SynCAM3 and cyclin D1 in addition to CD34 and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 may be useful for the differential diagnosis of SCPFT and its histological mimics.

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Data availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

Abbreviations

IHC:

Immunohistochemistry

FISH:

Fluorescence in situ hybridization

MFS:

Myxofibrosarcoma

MIFS:

Myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma

PRT:

PRDM10-rearranged soft tissue tumor

SCPFT:

Superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor

UPS:

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgical Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan

    Shintaro Sugita, Tomoko Takenami, Tomomi Kido, Tomoyuki Aoyama, Michiko Hosaka, Keiko Segawa, Taro Sugawara, Hiromi Fujita & Tadashi Hasegawa

  2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan

    Yasutaka Murahashi & Makoto Emori

  3. Department of Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8650, Japan

    Atsushi Tsuyuki

Authors
  1. Shintaro Sugita
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  2. Tomoko Takenami
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  3. Tomomi Kido
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  4. Tomoyuki Aoyama
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  5. Michiko Hosaka
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  12. Tadashi Hasegawa
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Contributions

SS participated in the design of the study, performed the pathological analysis, and drafted the manuscript. KS, MH, TS, AT, and TH assisted with the pathological analysis. TT and TK performed immunohistochemistry. TA conducted the fluorescence in situ hybridization. YM and ME examined the clinical data of the cases. TH conceived the study, participated in its design and coordination, and helped draft the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tadashi Hasegawa.

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The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Ethical approval

This research was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Sapporo Medical University Hospital under permit number 332-86.

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The Institutional Review Board approved an opt-out informed consent approach for a retrospective, non-interventional study.

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Sugita, S., Takenami, T., Kido, T. et al. Usefulness of SynCAM3 and cyclin D1 immunohistochemistry in distinguishing superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor from its histological mimics. Med Mol Morphol 56, 69–77 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00795-022-00341-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00795-022-00341-w

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