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Ultrasound-electrochemistry assisted liquid-phase co-exfoliation of phosphorene decorated by Au−Ag bimetallic nanoparticles as nanozyme for smartphone-based portable sensing of 4-nitrophenol

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Abstract

The stability of black phosphorene (BP) and its preparation and modification for develo** and applying devices have become a hot topic in the interdisciplinary field. We propose ultrasound-electrochemistry co-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation as an eco-friendly one-step method to prepare gold–silver bimetallic nanoparticles (Au−AgNPs)-decorated BP nanozyme for smartphone-based portable sensing of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) in different water sources. The structure, morphology, composition, and properties of Au−AgNPs−BP nanozyme are characterized by multiple instrumental analyses. Bimetallic salts are induced to efficiently occupy oxidative sites of BP to form highly stable Au−AgNPs−BP nanozyme and guarantee the integrity of the lamellar BP. The electrochemistry shortens the exfoliation time of the BP nanosheet and contributes to the loading efficiency of bimetallic nanoparticles on the BP nanosheet. Au−AgNPs−BP-modified screen-printed carbon electrode coupled with palm-sized smartphone-controlled wireless electrochemical analyzer as a portable wireless intelligent sensing platform was applied to the determination of 4-NP in a linear range of 0.6−10 μM with a limit of detection of 63 nM. It enables on-site determination of 4-NP content in lake water, river water, and irrigation ditch water. This work will provide a reference for an eco-friendly one-step preparation of bimetallic nanoparticle-decorated graphene-like materials as nanozymes and their smartphone-based portable sensing application outdoors.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51962007, 31960499), the Training Project of High-level and High-skilled Leading Talents of Jiangxi Province, the Foreign Talent project of “Double Thousand Plan” of Jiangxi Province, and the Key Project for Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (2023ACB2013019).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Material, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China

    Tao Chen, ** Wen, ** Wen

  2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410128, China

    Yu Ge

  3. College of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China

    Hassan Karimi-Maleh

Authors
  1. Tao Chen
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  2. Yu Ge
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  3. **nyu Lu
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  4. Jiaqi Hu
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  5. Hassan Karimi-Maleh
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  6. Yang** Wen
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  7. **aoqiang Wang
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  8. Zhong Huang
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  9. Mingfang Li
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Contributions

Tao Chen: data curation, investigation, methodology, validation, visualization, writing - original draft, writing – review and editing. Yu Ge: software, visualization, writing – original draft. ** Wen: conceptualization, funding acquisition, project administration, supervision, writing – review and editing. Hassan Karimi-Maleh: formal analysis, software, visualization. **aoqiang Wang: data curation, resources. Zhong Huang: data curation, formal analysis, investigation, resources. Mingfang Li: formal analysis, investigation, methodology, visualization.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to **1980@jxau.edu.cn">Yang** Wen.

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Chen, T., Ge, Y., Lu, X. et al. Ultrasound-electrochemistry assisted liquid-phase co-exfoliation of phosphorene decorated by Au−Ag bimetallic nanoparticles as nanozyme for smartphone-based portable sensing of 4-nitrophenol. Microchim Acta 191, 446 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-024-06518-7

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