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Oral symptoms including dental erosion in gastroesophageal reflux disease are associated with decreased salivary flow volume and swallowing function

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Abstract

Background

This preliminary clinical study aimed to evaluate the effects of salivary flow volume and swallowing function on oral symptoms including dental erosion in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Methods

The subjects were 40 GERD patients and 30 (15 younger, 15 older) healthy controls. Detailed medical, dietary, and dental histories were obtained to identify individual behavioral habits potentially associated with dental erosion. Oral examination evaluated dental erosion and determined scores for the decayed, missing, filled (DMF) index, the papillary, marginal, attached (PMA) index for gingivitis, and the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S). Salivary flow volume and swallowing function were evaluated by the Saxon test and repetitive saliva swallowing test, respectively.

Results

The DMF index and OHI-S scores differed significantly between all 3 groups. The PMA index was significantly different between the GERD group and the two control groups. The prevalence of dental erosion was 24.3% in the GERD group (0% in the control groups). No specific relationship was found between the incidence of dental erosion and dietary history or behavioral habits. The Saxon test results were significantly lower in the GERD group than in both the control groups. Frequency of swallowing was significantly lower and time to first swallow was significantly longer in the GERD group than in the two control groups.

Conclusions

Oral symptoms in GERD are likely to be associated with impaired salivary flow volume or swallowing function. Treatment for the oral dryness induced by reduced salivary flow volume and rehabilitation for swallowing function could be indicated in patients with GERD.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Dr. Michael Vierth, Director of the Institute of Pathology, Bayreuth Clinic, Germany, for his expert advice on esophageal pathology.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan

    Hiroo Yoshikawa, Mayumi Ueno, Masayoshi Egawa, Aya Yoshino, Yoshiki Nariai, Hiroaki Ishibashi & Joji Sekine

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan

    Kenji Furuta & Yoshikazu Kinoshita

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Showa University, 2-1-1, Kitasenjyu, Tokyo, 145-0062, Japan

    Seiji Kondo

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  1. Hiroo Yoshikawa
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Correspondence to Joji Sekine.

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Yoshikawa, H., Furuta, K., Ueno, M. et al. Oral symptoms including dental erosion in gastroesophageal reflux disease are associated with decreased salivary flow volume and swallowing function. J Gastroenterol 47, 412–420 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-011-0515-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-011-0515-6

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