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Dynamic transcriptome landscape of Paragonimus proliferus developmental stages in the rat lungs

  • Genetics, Evolution, and Phylogeny - Original Paper
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Abstract

Paragonimus proliferus, a lung fluke of the genus Paragonimus, was first reported in Yunnan province, China. P. proliferus can infect Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and cause lung damage, but there is still no direct evidence of human infection. Until now, there has been a lack of studies on P. proliferus parasitism and development in mammalian lung tissue. The aim of this study was to perform transcriptomic profiling of P. proliferus at different developmental stages. SD rats were infected with P. proliferus metacercariae obtained from crabs; worms isolated from the lungs at different time points as well as metacercariae were subjected to whole transcriptome sequencing. Overall, 34,403 transcripts with the total length of 33,223,828 bp, average length of 965 bp, and N50 of 1833 bp were assembled. Comparative analysis indicated that P. proliferus, similar to other Paragonimus spp., expressed genes related to catabolism, whereas P. proliferus-specific transcripts were related to the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis, sensitivity to bacteria, and immune response. Transcriptional dynamics analysis revealed that genes involved in the regulation of catabolism and apoptosis had stable expression over the P. proliferus life cycle, whereas those involved in development and immune response showed time-dependent changes. High expression of genes associated with immune response corresponded to that of genes regulating the sensitivity to bacteria and immune protection. We constructed a P. proliferus developmental model, including the development of the body, suckers, blood cells, reproductive and tracheal systems, lymph, skin, cartilage, and other tissues and organs, and an immune response model, which mainly involved T cells and macrophages. Our study provides a foundation for further research into the molecular biology and infection mechanism of P. proliferus.

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Data Availability

All data and materials mentioned in this article are available. Sequencing reads were submitted to the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) under accession numbers SRR13587223–SRR13587234.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the researchers at our laboratories for their dedication and hard work.

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Author notes

  1. Sheng-Hao Li, Yong-Rui Yang and Jun-Yi Li contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hepatology, The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, 650043, China

    Sheng-Hao Li, Yong-Rui Yang, Jun-Yi Li, Kun-Li Wu, Guo-Ji Chang, Li-Juan Hua, Si-Qi Liu, **g-**g Xu, Zhi-Qiang Ma, Qing-Qing Wang, Bao-Li Bai, Jie Ding, Hai-Wen Li & Ying-Rong Du

  2. School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650504, China

    Qiu-Hong Shu & Wen-Lin Wang

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  1. Sheng-Hao Li
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Wen-Lin Wang or Ying-Rong Du.

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All studies adhered to procedures consistent with the National Research Council Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Kunming Medical University (NO. KMMU2019047).

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Section Editor: **ng-Quan ZHU

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Supplementary information

Supplementary Table 1

GO enrichment of transcripts corresponding to all clusters. (XLS 45 kb)

Supplementary Table 2

The z-score expression matrix of significantly enriched GO terms. (XLS 27 kb)

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Li, SH., Yang, YR., Li, JY. et al. Dynamic transcriptome landscape of Paragonimus proliferus developmental stages in the rat lungs. Parasitol Res 120, 1627–1636 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07111-0

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