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Online-merge-offline (OMO)-based music therapy for asthmatic children during the COVID-19 pandemic in China

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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate online-merge-offline (OMO)-based music therapy (MT) as a complementary option for asthma management in pediatric patients. A total of 86 children diagnosed with mild asthma were enrolled and treated with the same drug therapy. They were assigned into three groups: Music I group (standard medical care plus a single individualized MT session along with singing training and breathing exercise), Music II group (similar as Music I as well as further wind instrument playing), and Control group (standard medical care). Primary endpoints included pulmonary function tests FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, MMEF 75/25, and PEF, c-ACT, PAQLQ, and PACQLQ. After 6 months of continuous intervention of MT, significant differences in FEV1, FVC, MMEF75/25, PEF, c-ACT score, PAQLQ, PACQLQ (p < 0.001), and FEV1/FVC (p < 0.05) were observed among Music I, Music II, and Control groups. Besides, FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, MMEF75/25, and PEF showed positive trends in Music I and Music II groups compared to those in Control group (p < 0.05). The c-ACT score of children was significantly increased in Music I (p < 0.001) and II (p < 0.001) groups in contrast with Control group. Children in Music I and II groups had better quality of life than those in Control group (PAQLQ, p < 0.001), and the parents in Music I and II groups also showed better quality of life than those in Control group (PACQLQ, p < 0.001).

     Conclusion: As a child-friendly, low-risk, and convenient intervention, the OMO-based MT has a positive impact on pediatric asthma management during the COVID-19 pandemic.

What is Known:

• A few findings proved the positive effect of MT on pediatric asthma.

What is New:

• Our study further proving the validation and effectiveness of MT with OMO-based model on pediatric asthma, wind instrument playing has a greater impact on pediatric asthma control via small airways and might be recommended to mix to singing and breathing to improve effectiveness of MT for asthmatic children.

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Data availability

All required data are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

c-ACT:

Childhood Asthma Control Test

FVC:

Forced vital capacity

FEV1:

1-Second forced expiratory volume

MMEF:

Maximum mid-expiratory flow

PEF:

Peak expiratory flow

PAQLQ:

Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire

PACQLQ:

Pediatric Asthma Caregiver’s Quality of Life Questionnaire

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Author information

Author notes

  1. Dandan Zhang, **g Ma, Qian Lin and Chuanqi Yang contributed equally to this paper.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Office of Pediatrics, Pediatric College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 227 South Chongqin Road, Shanghai, China

    Dandan Zhang, Qian Lin & Wang bo

  2. Department of Music Education, Shanghai Conservatory of Music, No. 20 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, China

    Dandan Zhang, **g Ma, Chuanqi Yang, Ying **a, Guyi Wang & Yanyi Yang

  3. Shanghai **nhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, China

    Jianhua Zhang

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  1. Dandan Zhang
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  5. Wang bo
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Contributions

Z.D.D designed this research. X.Y, W.G.Y consulted and categorized related references. Y.C.Q and W.B do related statistics. Z.D.D, M.J, Y.C.Q and L.Q wrote the article. Y.Y.Y, Z.J.H supervised the research. All authors contributed to and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yanyi Yang or Jianhua Zhang.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by all parents or legal guardians of the participants provided written informed consent. This study was approved by the Approval Letter Ethics Committee of **nhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Ethics review number: XHEC-D-2023–112) in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent to participate in this study was provided by the participants’ legal guardian/next of kin.

Competing interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Communicated by Peter de Winter

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Zhang, D., Ma, J., Lin, Q. et al. Online-merge-offline (OMO)-based music therapy for asthmatic children during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Eur J Pediatr 183, 1277–1286 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-023-05361-x

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