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Research on the Differences in Phenotypic and Photosynthetic Biophysical Parameters of Begonias (Begonia rex) Cultivars Under Various Light Spectral Compositions

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Abstract

The quality and intensity of light greatly affect the photosynthetic efficiency of plants. In this research, the impact of different light spectral composition on photosynthetic efficiency of three cultivars of Begonia rex (‘Red’, ‘Silver’, and ‘Black Velvet’) was investigated using the OJIP test. Experiment performed with pot-grown plants in a commercial greenhouse consisted of six growth chambers equipped with normal light (control), 100% blue (B), 15%B + 85% red (R), 30%B + 70%R, 15%B + 65%R + 20% white (W), and 30%B + 50%R + 20%W light, based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Photosynthetic biophysical parameters were measured 16 weeks after growth at different light spectra under a 15/9 h light/dark photoperiod and 250 μmol m−2 s−1 PPFD. The highest amounts of quantum yield and Fv/Fo were found in ‘Black Velvet’ plants under 15%B85%R lighting and control conditions. The values of specific energy fluxes per active reaction center (RC) for energy absorption (ABS/RC) and trapped energy flux (TRo/RC) were significantly increased in ‘Black Velvet’ in response to 30%B70%R and 15%B65%R20%W light action. Dissipated energy flux per unit reaction center (DIo/RC) was significantly increased in ‘Black Velvet’ in the treatment with 30%B70%R light. The maximum amount of photosynthetic performance index (PIABS) was recorded under the combination of 30%B50%R20%W spectrum in ‘Black Velvet’. Meanwhile, the lowest amounts of TRo/RC, ABS/RC, DIo/RC, and ETo/RC (unit reaction centers for electron transfer) were detected upon 30%B50%R20%W lighting in ‘Black Velvet’. Therefore, the spectrum combination of 30%B70%R and 15%B65%R20%W, were the most effective treatments for increasing photosynthetic efficiency, whereas blue light and control appeared as low effective source of illumination. Furthermore, light spectra other than RB combination imposed several limits on the growth of begonia plants and the efficiency of electron transport.

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Data Availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

Abbreviations

LEDs:

Light-emitting diodes

RC:

Reaction center

B:

Blue

R:

Red

W:

White

QA:

Quinone acceptor

PI:

Photosynthetic performance index

PPFD:

Photosynthetic photon flux density

NPQ:

Non-photochemical quenching

QY:

Quantum yield of CO2 assimilation

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University, P.O. Box 184, Ardakan, Iran

    Davood Kazemi & Maryam Dehestani-Ardakani

  2. Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran

    Mehrnaz Hatami & Mansour Ghorbanpour

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  1. Davood Kazemi
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  2. Maryam Dehestani-Ardakani
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DK performed the experiment and contributed to data collection. MD-A designed and supervised the research and wrote the manuscript, MH advised the research, and MG analyzed the data and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final version of manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mehrnaz Hatami.

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Kazemi, D., Dehestani-Ardakani, M., Hatami, M. et al. Research on the Differences in Phenotypic and Photosynthetic Biophysical Parameters of Begonias (Begonia rex) Cultivars Under Various Light Spectral Compositions. J Plant Growth Regul 43, 106–121 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-023-11059-z

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