Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) intact cells have been applied in magnetic hyperthermia therapy of tumor, showing great efficiency in heating for tumor cell inhibition. However, the detailed magnetic hyperthermia properties and optimum heat production conditions of MTB cells are still poorly understood due to lack of standard measuring equipment. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of MTB cells is often measured by home-made equipment at a limited frequency and magnetic field amplitude. In this study, we have used a commercial standard system to implement a comprehensive study of the hyperthermic response of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1 strain under 7 frequencies of 144–764 kHz, and 8 field amplitudes between 10 and 45 kA/m. The measurement results prove that the SAR of MTB cells increases with magnetic field frequency and amplitude within a certain range. In combination with the magnetic measurements, it is determined that the magnetic hyperthermia mechanism of MTB mainly follows the principle of hysteresis loss, and the heat efficiency of MTB cells in alternating magnetic field are mainly aff ected by three parameters of hysteresis loop, saturation magnetisation, saturation remanent magnetisation, and coercivity. Thus when we culture MTB in LA-2 medium containing sodium nitrate as source of nitrogen, the SAR of MTBLA-2 cells with magnetosomes arranged in chains can be as high as 4 925.6 W/g (in this work, all SARs are calculated with iron mass) under 764 kHz and 30 kA/m, which is 7.5 times than current commercial magnetic particles within similar size range.
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Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of the current study are available on reasonable request from the corresponding author.
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Acknowledgment
We thank Tang XU from the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, CAS for his help in TEM analysis.
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Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDB41010403), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41804070, 41774076, 41621004), the Key Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. QYZDJ-SSWDQC024), the Key Research Program of the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, CAS (No. IGGCAS-201903), and the PetroChina Innovation Foundation (No. 2020D-5007-0105)
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Zhang, T., Xu, H., Liu, J. et al. Determination of the heating efficiency of magnetotactic bacteria in alternating magnetic field. J. Ocean. Limnol. 39, 2116–2126 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-021-1071-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-021-1071-4