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Cloning of CAT genes in Satsuma mandarin and their expression characteristics in response to environmental stress and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

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Abstract

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CitCAT1 and CitCAT2 were cloned and highly expressed in mature leaves. High temperatures up-regulated CitCAT1 expression, while low temperatures and Diversispora versiformis up-regulated CitCAT2 expression, maintaining a low oxidative damage.

Abstract

Catalase (CAT), a tetrameric heme-containing enzyme, removes hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to maintain low oxidative damage in plants exposed to environmental stress. This study aimed to clone CAT genes from Citrus sinensis cv. “Oita 4” and analyze their expression patterns in response to environmental stress, exogenous abscisic acid (ABA), and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculation. Two CAT genes, CitCAT1 (NCBI accession: PP067858) and CitCAT2 (NCBI accession: PP061394) were cloned, and the open reading frames of their proteins were 1479 bp and 1539 bp, respectively, each encoding 492 and 512 amino acids predicted to be localized in the peroxisome, with CitCAT1 being a stable hydrophilic protein and CitCAT2 being an unstable hydrophilic protein. The similarity of their amino acid sequences reached 83.24%, and the two genes were distantly related. Both genes were expressed in stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits, accompanied by the highest expression in mature leaves. In addition, CitCAT1 expression was mainly up-regulated by high temperatures (37 °C), exogenous ABA, and PEG stress within a short period of time, whereas CitCAT2 expression was up-regulated by exogenous ABA and low-temperature (4 °C) stress. Low temperatures (0 °C) for 12 h just up-regulated CitCAT2 expression in Diversispora versiformis-inoculated plants, and D. versiformis inoculation up-regulated CitCAT2 expression, along with lower hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels in mycorrhizal plants at low temperatures. It is concluded that CitCAT2 has an important role in resistance to low temperatures as well as mycorrhizal enhancement of host resistance to low temperatures.

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All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article.

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Acknowledgements

This work received the support of the Hubei Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Action Project (Hubei Nongfa [2018] No. 1). The authors extend their appreciation to the Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2024R355), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The work was also supported from Excellence project PrF UHK 2216/2023-2024.

Funding

Hubei Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Action Project, Hubei Nongfa [2018] No. 1, Qiang-Sheng Wu, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, PNURSP2024R355, Mashael Daghash Alqahtani, Excellence project PrF UHK, 2216/2023-2024, Kamil Kuča.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, **gzhou, 434025, Hubei, China

    Zhen Liu, Ming-Ao Cao & Qiang-Sheng Wu

  2. Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic

    Kamil Kuča & Qiang-Sheng Wu

  3. Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Mashael Daghash Alqahtani

  4. Division of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, **ju, 52725, Republic of Korea

    Pandiyan Muthuramalingam

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  1. Zhen Liu
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Contributions

Liu Z, Cao MA and Wu QS conceived and designed the research study. Liu Z and Cao MA conducted the experiment and analyzed the data. Liu Z wrote the original draft manuscript. Kuča K, Alqahtani MD, Muthuramalingam P, and Wu QS revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Qiang-Sheng Wu.

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Communicated by Muthu Thiruvengadam.

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Liu, Z., Cao, MA., Kuča, K. et al. Cloning of CAT genes in Satsuma mandarin and their expression characteristics in response to environmental stress and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Plant Cell Rep 43, 123 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-024-03218-7

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