Abstract
Data regarding PRRSV-2 in South America are scant and a coordinated criterion for molecular characterization is needed. A phylogenetic analysis was performed using a dataset of 76 ORF5 sequences from South America, and results showed the identification of lineage 5 in the early 2000s and the predominance of lineage 1 at least since 2013. Lineage 1 sequences were further classified into sub-lineages according to a recent molecular characterization study of PRRSV-2 in United States. Our results revealed the recent identification in Uruguay of PRRSV-2 ORF5 sequences of lineage 1 sub-lineage C. Two additional sub-lineages were identified in South America, 1G in Chile and 1A in Peru. Continuous updating the molecular epidemiology of circulating viruses with coordinated investigations among countries is required to control and prevent the emergence of genetic variants of PRRSV-2.
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Acknowledgements
Authors would like to thank Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria-Fondo de Promoción de Tecnología Agropecuaria for financial support. We gratefully thank Programa de Desarrollo de las Ciencias Básicas (PEDECIBA) and Agencia Nacional de Innovación e Investigación (ANII). Authors are grateful to veterinarians, particularly Esteban Guerra, for providing swine samples to Sección Virología. We would also like to acknowledge Esteban Guerra and Jorge Wenzel from Benten Biotech for their critical comments and helpful suggestions.
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Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria-Fondo de Promoción de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INIA-FPTA 321, J. Arbiza).
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All authors contributed to the study conception. Experiments and data collection were performed by GB, JP and NR. Design and the analysis were performed by NR. The first draft of the manuscript was written by NR and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. JA got the financial support.
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Figure 1
ML phylogenetic tree of L1 sub-lineages is shown in rectangular branch style. Sub-lineages are indicated with straight brackets. Except for clades 1A, 1C and 1G, sub-lineages are shown collapsed. South and Central American sequences are shown in bold Supplementary file1 (PDF 266 kb)
Figure 2
Amino acid sequences of the ectodomain portion of GP5. PRRSV-2 reference sequence of each lineage and vaccine strains were included. Amino acid sequences from Chile, Peru and Uruguay are shown (consensus sequences most represented in the dataset for each country are indicated in red). The most similar sequences to Uruguayan sequences (KU503463, KU503128, KU502678 and KU504142) were also included. Hypervariable regions (HVR) 1 and 2 are indicated with a line. Epitopes A, B and C are shown in gray. Epitope A: non-neutralizing/decoy. Epitope B: PNE-principle neutralizing epitope/major target of nAb. Epitope C: homologous neutralization (Paploski et al., 2021) Supplementary file 2 (JPG 629 kb)
Table 1
Information of six Uruguayan swine samples: sample name, farm, year of collection, sample origin, clinical signs and sequence obtained are indicated Supplementary file3 (DOCX 14 kb)
Table 2
L1 sequences dataset used to classify into sub-lineages (1A-1H) and South and Central American sequences sub-classified in this study Supplementary file4 (DOCX 33 kb)
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Ramos, N., Betancour, G., Puig, J. et al. An update on genetic analysis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus type 2 (PRRSV-2) in South America: identification of ORF5 sequences of lineage 1A, 1C and 1G. Arch Microbiol 204, 367 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-022-02976-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-022-02976-w