Zusammenfassung
Jährlich werden in Deutschland ca. 11.400 Endometriumkarzinome diagnostiziert. Aufgrund der Diagnosestellung bereits in frühem Tumorstadium ist die Heilungsrate hoch, und das Gesamtüberleben wird maßgeblich mitbestimmt durch die häufig vorhandenen Begleiterkrankungen. Etwa 65–80% aller Endometriumkarzinome entstehen auf dem Boden einer hormonellen Dysbalance mit östrogener Stimulation des Endometriums ohne ausreichende Antagonisierung durch Gestagene. Zu den epidemiologisch wichtigsten Risikofaktoren, die zugleich präventivmedizinische Ansatzpunkte darstellen, zählen Adipositas, Diabetes mellitus, PCO-Syndrom, Hormonersatztherapie ohne Gestagenkomponente und die Tamoxifentherapie beim Mammakarzinom.
Abstract
Cancer of the uterine corpus is the fourth most common cancer among women in Western Europe with approximately 11,400 newly diagnosed patients in Germany each year. In a comparatively high proportion diagnosis can be established at an early stage of the disease. Expected cure rates are therefore high and survival is mainly determined by comorbidity. Exposure to excessive endogenous or exogenous estrogens has been recognized as a major etiologic factor accounting for 65–80% of cases. The risk associated with estrogenic hormone replacement therapy can be reduced significantly by addition of progesterone. Besides hormone replacement therapy and tamoxifen use, various medical conditions including obesity, diabetes, and the PCO syndrome have been linked to the disease and are considered as targets for preventive intervention.
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Kurzeder, C., Sauer, G. & Kreienberg, R. Epidemiologie des Endometriumkarzinoms. Gynäkologe 40, 10–13 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-006-1927-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-006-1927-x