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Epidemiologie von Krebs während der Schwangerschaft

Epidemiology of cancer in pregnancy

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Zusammenfassung

Die Diagnose Krebs in der Schwangerschaft ist ein seltenes Ereignis. Die Inzidenz wird auf 1:1000 geschätzt. Die am häufigsten diagnostizierten Krebsarten in der Schwangerschaft sind in absteigender Reihenfolge: Zervixkarzinom, Mammakarzinom, malignes Melanom, Hodgkin-Lymphom und akute Leukämien. In seltenen Fällen treten Schilddrüsenkarzinome, Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome, chronische Leukämien, maligne Ovarialtumoren, Kolon- und Nierenkarzinome auf. In einer populationsbasierten Studie der Jahre 1970–1979 konnte gezeigt werden, dass bei schwangeren Frauen im Alter von 15–19 Jahren die Inzidenz von Krebsfällen bei 2:100.000 Lebendgeburten lag. Im Alter von 40–44 Jahren war die Inzidenz 230:100.000 Lebendgeburten. Eine transplazentare Metastasierung ist selten. Krebsregister werden zukünftig mehr Informationen über den Zusammenhang von Krebs während der Schwangerschaft ermöglichen.

Abstract

Cancer in pregnancy is an extremely rare condition and occurs with an average frequency of 1 in 1000 births. The uterine cervix remains the most common site for neoplasia to develop in pregnancy. Breast cancer is the second most common site for malignancy that occurs during pregnancy. In conclusion the frequency of occurrence, in descending order is cervical cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, lymphoma and leukemia. A population-based study for the years 1970 to 1979 showed that the incidence of cancer in pregnancy rose from 2 per 100.000 live births for woman aged 15 to 19 to 230 per 100.000 live births for those aged 40 to 44.

Information collected during the past two decades suggests that transplacental metastasic transfer is extremely unusual and metastases in the fetus are very rare. Additional population-based studies examining the epidemiology of cancer in pregnancy are urgently needed. Future studies in this area will be essential to answer many of our questions.

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Nauert, I., Tinneberg, H.R. Epidemiologie von Krebs während der Schwangerschaft. Gynäkologe 37, 488–491 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-004-1537-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-004-1537-4

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