Zusammenfassung
Chemotherapie stellt einen wichtigen Bestandteil des Behandlungskonzepts verschiedener Karzinome dar. Besonders bei jungen Frauen besteht oftmals nach erfolgreich abgeschlossener Behandlung der Wunsch nach eigenen Kindern. Da nach Chemotherapien, z. B. nach CMF, posttherapeutisch hohe Amenorrhöraten von etwa 40% diskutiert werden, sollen die unterschiedlichen Möglichkeiten eines Erhaltes der Fertilität nach Chemotherapie und ihre Problematik diskutiert werden. Hierzu zählen die Kryokonservierung von Embryonen und Eizellen sowie die Kryokonservierung von Ovargewebe. Darüber hinaus besteht auch die Möglichkeit der simultanen GnRH-Analoga-Behandlung im Zuge einer Chemotherapie im Sinne einer Ovarprotektion.
Als einzig etablierte Methode kann die Kryokonservierung von Embryonen angesehen werden, die allerdings in Deutschland grundsätzlich nicht gestattet ist, sodass nur die Kryokonservierung von Eizellen im Pronukleusstadium in Frage kommt.
Abstract
Chemotherapy is an important part of the therapeutic concept for different malignomas. Young women in particular often have a strong desire for children of their own. As high rates of amenorrhoea may occur following chemotherapy, as high as 40% in the case of CMF, different methods of maintaining fertility after chemotherapy and the associated problems will be discussed. Among the methods are the cryopreservation of embryos and oocytes, as well as the cryopreservation of ovarian tissue. In addition, the simultaneous GnRh-analogues during chemotherapy offer the chance of ovarian protection.
The only established method to maintain fertility is the cryopreservation of embryos; however, the German embryo protection law does not allow this. Therefore, only cryopreservation of pronuclear stage oocytes is available.
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Tinneberg, HR., Münstedt, K. Erhaltung der weiblichen Fertilität trotz Chemotherapie. Gynäkologe 36, 665–670 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-003-1395-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-003-1395-5