Abstract
Knowledge on wood natural durability is required in order to be able to decide if we can use a certain type of wood outdoors. For instance, when used outside, oak wood is subjected to the leaching of its water-soluble substances. In this case the resistance of European oak wood is considered to be durable according to the European Standard EN 350-2. However, so far we do not exactly know the real impact of the leaching phenomenon on the resistance of oak wood and the importance of chemical contents. Nevertheless, our study has indicated that some individuals may contain highly durable wood characteristics even after the leaching process (i.e. 33% of very durable wood was still very durable after the leaching test). Chemical analysis has demonstrated that the presence of phenolic compounds are positively correlated with durability. This means that higher proportions of phenol confer higher resistance on wood. After the leaching test, which involves a washout of water soluble compounds, 70% of the trees demonstrate a decline in durability (after the leaching test 75% of the very durable wood dropped to a durable class; whereas, 25% of the wood in the same class still kept their very durable status). This experiment clearly shows the influence of the leaching phenomena and its important role on durability in oak wood. The results show also that 18% of the oak samples could be considered as very durable even after leaching.
Zusammenfassung
Kenntnisse über die natürliche Dauerhaftigkeit von Holz sind erforderlich, um entscheiden zu können, ob ein bestimmter Holztyp für Außenverwendung nutzbar ist. Z. B. wird europäische Eiche als dauerhaft angesehen gemäß dem europäischen Standard EN 350-2. Allerdings kennen wir bisher die tatsächliche Wirkung des Phänomens des Auslaugens auf die Widerstandsfähigkeit des Eichenholzes und die Wichtigkeit der chemischen Inhalte nicht. Unsere Studie hat jedoch ergeben, dass einige Exemplare hoch dauerhafte Holzcharakteristiken haben können sogar nach dem Auslaugeprozess (d. h. 33% des sehr haltbaren Holzes waren nach dem Auslaugetest immer noch sehr haltbar). Die chemische Analyse hat gezeigt, dass die Existenz von Phenolkomponenten positiv mit Dauerhaftigkeit verbunden waren. Das heißt, dass höhere Phenolanteile einen höheren Widerstand des Holzes bewirken. Nach dem Auslaugetest, der ein Auswaschen der wasserlöslichen Bestandteile beinhaltet, zeigen 70% der Bäume einen Rückgang der Dauerhaftigkeit (nach dem angewendeten Auslaugetest fielen 75% des sehr dauerhaften Holzes in eine dauerhafte Klasse; wobei 25% des Holzes in der gleichen Klasse seinen sehr dauerhaften Status immer noch behielt). Dieses Experiment zeigt klar den Einfluss des Phänomens des Auslaugens und seine wichtige Rolle für die Dauerhaftigkeit des Eichenholzes. Die Ergebnisse zeigen ebenfalls, dass 18% der Eichenproben sogar nach dem Auslaugen als sehr dauerhaft angesehen werden konnten.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank and express our gratitude to ADEME “Bois materiau” programme for their financial support, and also wish to express our gratefulness to Edith GUILLEY and Gérard NEPVEU from Quality des Bois Team for their precious help in data analysis.
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Aloui, F., Ayadi, N., Charrier, F. et al. Durability of European oak (Quercus petraea and Quercus robur) against white rot fungi (Coriolus versicolor): relations with phenol extractives. Holz Roh Werkst 62, 286–290 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-004-0489-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-004-0489-7