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Lebens- und Schlafqualität bei Patienten mit chronischem Pruritus

Quality of life and sleep quality in patients with chronic pruritus

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Zusammenfassung

Pruritus ist definiert als ein Symptom, das zum Kratzen führt. Klinisch ist eine heterogene Gruppe von Krankheitsbildern unterschiedlicher Ätiologie zu berücksichtigen. Pruritus ist durch unterschiedliche Intensität und Dauer charakterisiert. Die Beeinflussung der Schlafqualität wird von vielen Patienten und/oder ihrem sozialen Umfeld, das dadurch mitbeeinflusst ist, als ein begleitendes Hauptsymptom angeführt. Die Lebensqualität der Patienten ist je nach Schweregrad des Pruritus beeinflusst und führt nicht selten bei Chronifizierung zu Komorbidität wie depressive Störungen oder Schlafstörungen sowie zur Beeinflussung des psychosozialen Wohlbefindens. Bislang sind neben der Anamnese die Ermittlung der Krankheitslast durch Erhebung der Krankheitsaktivität z. B. mit validierten krankheitsspezifischen Scores plus die Erfassung der Lebensqualität durch einen dermatologischen Lebensqualitätsindex (Dermatology Life Quality Index [DLQI]) die etablierten Untersuchungsmethoden. Neueste Untersuchungen zeigen, dass dies keinesfalls ausreicht, um die Erkrankungsschwere zu eruieren und daraus resultierend adäquate Therapieoptionen zu ermitteln.

Abstract

Pruritus is defined as a symptom that leads to scratching. Clinically, a heterogeneous group of clinical pictures of different etiology must be considered. Pruritus is characterized by varying intensity and duration. Many patients and/or their social environment, which is influenced by this, cite the impact on sleep quality as an accompanying main symptom. The patient’s quality of life is affected depending on the severity of the pruritus and often leads to comorbidity such as depressive disorders or sleep disorders as well as to an impact on psychosocial well-being if it becomes chronic. To date, in addition to the medical history, the established examination methods have been the determination of the disease burden by assessing disease activity, e.g., with validated disease-specific scores, plus the assessment of quality of life using a dermatological quality of life index (DLQI). The latest studies show that this is by no means sufficient to determine the severity of disease and, as a result, to identify adequate treatment options.

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  1. Haut- und Poliklinik der Johannes Gutenberg Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland

    Caroline Mann &  Petra Staubach

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Correspondence to Petra Staubach.

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C. Mann und P. Staubach geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autorinnen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Mann, C., Staubach, P. Lebens- und Schlafqualität bei Patienten mit chronischem Pruritus. Dermatologie (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-024-05373-0

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