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Effect of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on the rate of en masse orthodontic tooth retraction

A randomized controlled trial

Effekt von Mikro-Osteoperforationen (MOPs) auf die Geschwindigkeit einer kieferorthopädischen En-masse-Zahnretraktion

Eine randomisierte kontrollierte Studie

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Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the effect of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) during en masse anterior retraction.

Materials and methods

Twenty patients were randomly allocated into experimental and control group of 10 each. In the control group, en masse retraction was performed with sliding mechanics with a coil spring. In the experimental group after alignment and levelling, MOPs were performed mesially and distally to all six anterior teeth in the interdental cortical region on the labial aspect of both arches. MOPs were performed at the beginning of space closure (T0) and 1 month after beginning of space closure (T1). En masse retraction was performed with sliding mechanics with a coil spring. Measurements were recorded on digital models made from scanned plaster casts at the beginning of space closure (T0) and monthly at each follow-up visit for the next 4 months (T1, T2, T3, T4). The monthly rate of OTM, the overall rate of OTM, and the difference between OTM in the MOP period (T0–T2) and post-MOP (T2–T4) period in the experimental and control group were evaluated. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate patients’ pain experience.

Results

The overall rate of OTM was significantly greater in the experimental group for both arches in the MOP period (T0–T2) and also in the post-MOP period (T2–T4) as compared to the control group. Within the experimental group, the rate of OTM in the MOP period was significantly greater than in the post-MOP period, which in turn was greater than that of the control group. The patients reported only mild discomfort for 24 h after performing the MOPs, which then gradually decreased.

Conclusions

The use of MOPs is effective in increasing the rate of en masse tooth retraction in both the maxillary and the mandibular arch. The rate of tooth movement was greater even in the post-MOP period as compared to the control group.

Zusammenfassung

Zielsetzung

Untersucht werden sollten die Auswirkungen von Mikro-Osteoperforationen (MOPs) auf die Geschwindigkeit der kieferorthopädischen Zahnbewegung (OTM) während einer En-masse-Retraktion im Frontzahnbereich.

Material und Methoden

Zwanzig Patienten wurden randomisiert in eine Versuchs- und eine Kontrollgruppe mit jeweils 10 Patienten eingeteilt. In der Kontrollgruppe wurde die En-masse-Retraktion mit einer Gleitmechanik und einer Zugfeder durchgeführt. In der Versuchsgruppe wurden nach der Ausrichtung und Nivellierung MOPs mesial und distal an allen 6 Frontzähnen in der interdentalen Kortikalregion auf der labialen Seite beider Zahnbögen durchgeführt. Die MOPs wurden zu Beginn des Lückenschlusses (T0) und einen Monat nach Beginn des Lückenschlusses (T1) durchgeführt. Die En-masse-Retraktion wurde mit einer Gleitmechanik und einer Zugfeder durchgeführt. Die Messungen wurden auf digitalen Modellen aufgezeichnet, die aus eingescannten Gipsabdrücken zu Beginn des Lückenschlusses (T0) und monatlich bei jeder Nachuntersuchung in den nächsten 4 Monaten (T1, T2, T3, T4) erstellt wurden. Die monatliche OTM-Rate, die Gesamtrate der OTM und der Unterschied zwischen der OTM in der MOP-Periode (T0-T2) und in der Post-MOP-Periode (T2-T4) in der Versuchs- und in der Kontrollgruppe wurden bewertet. Zur Einschätzung des Schmerzempfindens der Patienten wurde eine visuelle Analogskala (VAS) verwendet.

Ergebnisse

Die Gesamtrate der OTM war in der Versuchsgruppe für beide Zahnbögen in der MOP-Periode (T0-T2) und auch in der Post-MOP-Periode (T2-T4) im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe signifikant höher. In der Versuchsgruppe war die OTM-Rate in der MOP-Periode signifikant höher als in der Post-MOP-Periode, die wiederum höher war als die der Kontrollgruppe. Die Patienten berichteten über 24 h lang nach Durchführung der MOP andauernde, nur geringe, dann allmählich abnehmende Beschwerden.

Schlussfolgerungen

Die Anwendung von MOPs ist effektiv, um die Geschwindigkeit einer En-masse-Retraktion von Zähnen sowohl im Ober- als auch im Unterkiefer zu erhöhen. Die Geschwindigkeit der Zahnbewegung war sogar in der Zeit nach der MOP höher als in der Kontrollgruppe.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dental College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed To Be University, 411043, Pune, Maharashtra, India

    Prashant Kumar MDS, Abdulqadir H. Rampurawala MDS &  Amol S. Patil MDS, PhD

Authors
  1. Prashant Kumar MDS
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  2. Abdulqadir H. Rampurawala MDS
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  3. Amol S. Patil MDS, PhD
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Contributions

P. Kumar: Conception of research idea, conduction of entire research and preparation of manuscript. A.H. Rampurawala: Assistance in formulation of research proposal and preparation of manuscript. A.S. Patil: Conception of research idea, guidance in formulation and conduction of research, editing of manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Prashant Kumar MDS.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

P. Kumar, A.H. Rampurawala and A.S. Patil declare that they have no conflict of interests.

Ethical standards

This study was conducted as a randomized controlled trial approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed To Be University Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India (ECR/328/Inst/MH/2016) and included patients undergoing treatment in our Department. The trial registration number was CTRI/2020/06/025640 and it is reported as per the consort 2010 guidelines. Consent to participate: Written informed consent was obtained from the patients after explaining the entire treatment procedure to them in their native languages.

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Data availability statement

This study has not utilized any online data for the fabrication of results. Data used are from the original findings and have been included as the supplemental files.

Trial registration number

The trial registration number was CTRI/2020/06/025640, registered 05/06/2020, http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?trialid=40699&EncHid=&userName=Ctri/2020/06/025640.

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Kumar, P., Rampurawala, A.H. & Patil, A.S. Effect of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on the rate of en masse orthodontic tooth retraction. J Orofac Orthop 85, 189–198 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-022-00420-8

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