Abstract
Gamma — radiolytic decomposition of sodium and potassium nitrates and its admixtures with respective cyanide and borate additives has been studied over a wide absorbed dose range from 675 to 500 kGy. The decomposition of nitrate increases with the nature and concentration of the additive in the admixture. The enhancement is more significant at >80 mol% of the additive.G(NO −2 ) values, calculated on the basis of electron fraction of the nitrate salt, decrease with increasing concentration of the nitrate. ESR spectral studies suggest the formation of radical species such as BO4 and BO 2−3 etc, in borates whereas in case of cyanide additive FH centres are produced. The radical species and colour centres so produced may then transfer their energy to nitrate and cause enhancement in decomposition. A comparison with other oxyanion additives shows thatG(NO −2 ) values decrease in the order PO 3−4 >B4O 2−7 >SO 2−4 >CO 2−3 . Similarly, the nature of the cation also affects the decomposition.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
E. R. Johnson, The Radiation Induced Decomposition of Inorganic Molecular Ions, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, 1970, p. 23.
C. J. Hochandel, T. W. Davis, J. Chem. Phys., 27 (1957) 333.
S. P. Kulkarni, A. N. Gard, Ind. J. Chem., 23A (1984) 712.
D. V. Parwate, A. N. Garg, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 85 (1984) 203.
S. P. Kulkarni, R. J. Batra, A. N. Garg, Rad. Eff. Def. Solids, 113 (1990) 315.
S. P. Kulkarni, A. N. Garg, Rad. Phys. Chem. 32 (1988) 609.
N. G. Joshi, A. N. Gard, Rad. Eff. Def. Solids, 132 (1984) 281.
V. A. Nevostruev, Yu. A. Zakharov, Kinet. Katal., 8 (1967) 210.
A. R. Jones, J. Chem. Phys., 35, (1981) 751.
M. Khare, E. R. Johnson, J. Phys. Chem., 74 (1970) 4085.
S. F. Patil, S. A. Bhoite, A. G. Bedekar, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 93 (1985) 133.
T. N. Zhukova, B. G. Ershaw, A. K. Pikaev, Khim. Vys. Energy, 6 (1972) 376.
R. J. Batra, A. N. Garg, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 129 (1989) 155.
N. G. Joshi, A. N. Garg, V. Natarajan, M. D. Sastry, Radiat. Measurem., 26 (1996) 131.
M. B. Shinn, Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed, 13 (1941 33;N. F. Kershaw, N. S. Chamberlain, Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 14 (1942) 312.
D. Muhammad, A. G. Maddock, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 174 (1978) 919.
A. Mahammod, E. Chandunni, S. M. R. Nair Ind. J. Chem., 18A (1979) 379.
N. H. Saget, R. W. Robinson, Can. J. Chem., 40 (1968) 2075.
E. N. Ladov, E. R. Johnson, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 91 (1969) 7601.
R. S. Eachus, M. C. R. Symons, J. Chem. Soc., A (1968) 2438.
D. L. Griscom, J. Chem. Phys., 55 (1971) 1113.
R. B. Pode, Cryst. Latt. Def. Amorph. Mater., 14 (1987) 1.
W. Gellermann, J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 52 (1991) 249.
N. Agrawal, A. N. Garg, unpublished work.
D. I. Sahare, B. T. Deshmukh, S. V. Moharil, S. M. Dhopte, P. L. Muthal, V. K. Kondawar, Phys. Stat. Sol. 141 (1994) 329.
D. I. Sahare, S. J. Dhoble, S. V. Moharil, J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 12 (1993) 1873.
P. W. Atkins, M. C. R. Symons, The Structure of Inorganic Radicals, Elsevier Publishing Company, London, 1967, p. 213.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Agrawal, N., Garg, A.N. Enhancement in gamma-ray induced decomposition of sodium and potassium nitrates by borate and cyanide additives. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 227, 9–15 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02386423
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02386423