Summary
A system of staging embryos is described for the Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus). This system of staging, based on Streeter's developmental horizons in human embryos, comprises three sets of criteria: 1) data on postconceptional age, size and number of somites, 2) external characteristics and 3) internal characteristics. A comparison has been made with data in mouse (Theiler, 1972) as well as in primates. It seems that the order of organogenesis, i.e. the sequence in which individual organs are formed, is basically similar in all mammals studied so far.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bartelmez, G.W., Dekaban, A.S.: The early development of the human brain. Contrib. Embryol. Carneg. Instn. 37, 13–32 (1962)
Boyer, C.C.: Embryology. In: The golden hamster, its biology and use in medical research (R.A. Hoffman, P.F. Robinson and H. Magalhaes, eds.) pp. 73–89. Ames: The Iowa State University Press 1968
Butler, H.: The chronology of embryogenesis in the lesser galago: a preliminary account. Folia primatol. 18, 368–378 (1972)
Butler, L.: The inheritance of diabetes in the Chinese hamster. Diabetologia 3, 124–129 (1967)
Christie, G.A.: Developmental stages in somite and post-somite rat embryos, based on external appearance, and including some features of the macroscopic development of the oral cavity. J. Morph. 114, 263–268 (1964)
Coleman, R.D.: Development of the rat palate. Anat. Rec. 151, 107–118 (1965)
Donkelaar, H.J. ten: Prenatal development of the basal ganglia in the Chinese hamster. Neurosci. Lett. Suppl. 1, S 27 (1978)
Donkelaar, H.J. ten, Dederen, P.J.W.: Neurogenesis in the basal forebrain in the Chinese hamster. I. Time of neuron origin. In preparation.
Donkelaar, H.J. ten, Lammers, G.J., Gribnau, A.A.M.: Neurogenesis in the amygdaloid nuclear complex in a rodent (the Chinese hamster). Brain Research in press (1979)
Droogleever Fortuyn, A.B.: Histological experiments with the brain of some rodents. J. Comp. Neurol. 42, 349–391 (1927)
Edwards, J.A.: The external development of the rabbit and rat embryos. Adv. Terat. 3, 239–263 (1968)
Festing, M.F.W.: Hamsters. In: The UFAW handbook on the care and management of laboratory animals (edited by UFAW), pp. 248–262. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone 1976
Gaalen, J. van: De Chinese hamster. Biotechniek 2, 4–7 (1963)
Geelen, J.A.G., Langman, J.: Closure of the neural tube in the cephalic region of the mouse embryo. Anat. Rec. 189, 625–640 (1977)
Graves, A.P.: Development of the golden hamster during the first nine days. Am. J. Anat. 77, 219–251 (1945)
Greene, R.M., Pratt, R.M.: Developmental aspects of secondary palate formation. J. Embryol. exp. Morph. 36, 225–245 (1976)
Hendrickx, A.G.: Embryology of the baboon. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1971
Hendrickx, A.G.: Early development of the embryo in non-human primates and man. Acta endocrin. Suppl. 166, 103–130 (1972)
Hendrickx, A.G., Houston, M.L.: Prenatal and postnatal development. In: Comparative reproduction of non-human primates (E.S.E. Hafez, ed.), pp. 334–381. Springfield: Charles C. Thomas 1971
Hendrickx, A.G., Sawyer, R.H.: Embryology of the rhesus monkey. In: The rhesus monkey, Vol. II. Management, reproduction and pathology (G.H. Bourne, ed.) pp. 141–169. New York: Academic Press 1975
Hendrickx, A.G., Sawyer, R.H., Lasley, B.L., Barnes, R.D.: Comparison of developmental stages in primates with a note on the detection of ovulation. In: Breeding simians for developmental biology (F.T. Perkins and P.N. O'Donoghue, eds.) pp. 305–315. London: Laboratory Animals Ltd. 1975
Heuser, C.H., Corner, G.W.: Developmental horizons in human embryos. Description of age group X, 4 to 12 somites. Contrib. Embryol. Carneg. Instn. 36, 29–39 (1957)
Hauser, C.H., Streeter, G.L.: Development of the macaque embryo. Contrib. Embryol. Carneg. Instn. 29, 15–55 (1941)
Jackson, C.G.: Prenatal development of the eye in the golden hamster. Am. J. Anat. 146, 303–322 (1976)
Jirásek, J.E.: Development of the genital system and male pseudohermaphroditism. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press 1971
Kerr, T.: The development of the pituitary of the laboratory mouse. Quart. J. micr. Sci. 87, 3–29 (1946)
Keyser, A.: The development of the diencephalon of the Chinese hamster. Acta anat. 83 Suppl. 59, 1–178 (1972)
Kuhn, H.-J., Schwaier, A.: Implantation, early placentation, and the chronology of embryogenesis in Tupaia belangeri. Z. Anat. Entwickl.-Gesch. 142, 315–340 (1973)
Lammers, G.J.: On the development of the strio-amygdaloid complex in the Chinese hamster, Cricetulus griseus. Thesis, University of Nijmegen. Meppel: Krips Repro 1976
McArdle, C.B., Dowling, J.E., Masland, R.H.: Development of outer segments and synapses in the rabbit retina. J. Comp. Neur. 175, 253–274 (1977)
Nishimura, H., Takano, K., Tanimura, T., Yasuda, M.: Normal and abnormal development of human embryos: first report of the analysis of 1, 213 intact embryos. Teratology 1, 281–290 (1968)
Olivier, G., Pineau, H.: Horizons de Streeter et âge embryonnaire. C.R. Ass. Anat. 47, 573–576 (1962)
Olney, J.W.: An electron microscopic study of synapse formation, receptor outer segment development, and other aspects of develo** mouse retina. Invest. Ophth. 7, 250–268 (1968)
O'Rahilly, R.: The early embryology of the otic vesicle in staged human embryos. J. Embryol. exp. Morph. 11, 741–755 (1963)
O'Rahilly, R.: The early development of the eye in staged human embryos. Contrib. Embryol. Carneg. Instn. 38, 1–42 (1966)
O'Rahilly, R.: Guide to the staging of human embryos. Anat. Anz. 130, 556–559 (1972)
O'Rahilly, R.: Developmental stages in human embryos. Part. A: Embryos of the first three weeks (stages 1 to 9). Baltimore: Carnegie Institute of Washington, Public. 631 (1973)
O'Rahilly, R., Gardner, E.: The timing and sequence of events in the development of the human nervous system during the embryonic period proper. Z. Anat. Entwickl.-Gesch. 134, 1–12 (1971)
O'Rahilly, R., Gardner, E.: The developmental anatomy and histology of the human central nervous system. In: Handbook of clinical neurology, Vol. 30 (P.J. Vinken, G.W. Bruyn and N.C. Myrianthopoulos, eds.) pp. 15–40. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Co. 1977
Otis, E.M., Brent, R.: Equivalent ages in mouse and human embryos. Anat. Rec. 120, 33–64 (1954)
Pei, Y.F., Rhodin, J.A.G.: The prenatal development of the mouse eye. Anat. Rec. 168, 105–110 (1970)
Phillips, I.R.: The embryology of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Adv. Anat. Embryol. Cell Biol. 52, Fasc. 5 (1976)
Pickworth, S., Yerganian, G., Chang, M.C.: Fertilization and early development in the Chinese hamster, Cricetulus griseus. Anat. Rec. 162, 197–208 (1968)
Romeis, B.: Mikroskopische Technik München: R. Oldenbourg Verlag 1968
Rosenblatt, J.S.: Stages in the early behavioural development of altricial young of selected species of non-primate mammals. In: Growing points in ethology (P.P.G. Bateson and R.A. Hinde, eds.) pp. 345–383. Cambridge University Press 1976
Rugh, R.: The mouse. Its reproduction and development. Minneapolis: Burgess 1968
Sano, M., Sasaki, F.: Embryonic development of the mouse anterior pituitary studied by light and electron microscopy. Z. Anat. Entwickl.-Gesch. 129, 195–222 (1969)
Shenefelt, R.E.: Morphogenesis and malformations in hamsters caused by retinoic acid: relation to dose and stage at treatment. Teratology 5, 103–118 (1972)
Sirek, O.V., Sirek, A.: The colony of Chinese hamsters of the C.H. Best Institute. Diabetologia 3, 65–73 (1967)
Streeter, G.L.: Developmental horizons in human embryos. Description of age group XI, 13–20 somites, and age group XII, 21 to 29 somites. Contrib. Embryol. Carneg. Instn. 30, 211–245 (1942)
Streeter, G.L.: Developmental horizons in human embryos. Description of age group XIII, embryos about 4 or 5 millimetres long and age group XIV, period of indentation of the lens vesicle. Contrib. Embryol. Carneg. Instn. 31, 27–63 (1945)
Streeter, G.L.: Developmental horizons in human embryos. Description of age groups XV, XVI, XVII and XVIII, being the third issue of the survey of the Carnegie collection. Contrib. Embryol. Carneg. Instn. 32, 133–203 (1948)
Streeter, G.L.: Developmental horizons in human embryos. Description of age groups XIX, XX, XXI, XXII and XXIII, being the fifth issue of a survey of the Carnegie collection. Contrib. Embryol. Carneg. Instn. 34, 165–196 (1951)
Theiler, K.: The house mouse. Development and normal stages from fertilization to 4 weeks of age. Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag 1972
Waterman, R.E.: Topographical changes along the neural fold associated with neurulation in the hamster and mouse. Am. J. Anat. 146, 151–172 (1976)
Weihe, W.H., Isenbügel, E.: Bibliographie des Chinesischen Hamsters. Z. Versuchstierk. 12, 115–129 (1970)
Wilson, J.G.: Environment and birth defects. New York: Academic Press (1973)
Witschi, E.: In: Biology Data Book, 2nd ed., Vol. I (P.L. Altman and D.S. Dittmer, eds.) pp. 176–180. Bethesda: Fed. Amer. Soc. for Exp. Biology 1972
Yerganian, G.: Spontaneous diabetes mellitus in the Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus). In: Ciba Foundation Colloquia on Endocrinology, Vol. 15 (M.P. Cameron and C.M. O'Connor, eds.) London: Churchill 1964
Ziehen, T.: Morphogenie des Centralnervensystems der Säugetiere. In: Handbuch der vergleichenden und experimentellen Entwicklungslehre der Wirbeltiere (O. Hertwig, ed.) Jena: Fischer 1906
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
ten Donkelaar, H.J., Geysberts, L.G.M. & Dederen, P.J.W. Stages in the prenatal development of the Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus). Anat Embryol 156, 1–28 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00315712
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00315712