Summary
A total of 15 patients affected by idiopathic dystonia (7 with generalized and 8 with focal or segmental dystonia) were subjected to therapy with bromocriptine at low doses, pimozide and trihexyphenidyl. The symptoms were evaluated by giving a progressive score in relation to the intensity of the dystonic symptom to each of the body segments involved by the dystonia. Bromocriptine did not significantly modify the dystonia. Pimozide showed a slight nonsignificant improvement of the dystonic symptoms. Trihexyphenidyl was effective in the generalized dystonias, in agreement with previous reports in the literature. The variation in the pharmacological results could be due to the diversity of the dystonic syndromes, which comprise cases that are different in age at onset, site of dystonic symptoms, and evolution.
Zusammenfassung
Fünfzehn von idiopathischer — und zwar 7 von generalisierter und 8 von fokaler und segmentarischer — Dystonie befallenen Patienten unterzogen sich verschiedenen pharmakologischen Behandlungen mit kleinen Mengen Bromocriptine, Pymozide und Triesifenidile. Die Symptome wurden durch eine fortlaufende Punktzahl bezeichnet, so daß deren Schätzung von der Intensität des Symptoms „Dystonie“ in jedem einzelnen befallenen Körperteil abhing. Die Dystonien wurden durch Bromocriptine nicht bedeutend geändert.
Pymozide führte zu einer geringeren, doch unbedeutenden, Besserung der dystonischen Symptome.
Triesifenidile wirkte auf die generalisierten Dystonien, in Übereinstimmung mit einigen Literaturangaben.
Die Veränderlichkeit der pharmakologischen Ergebnisse wurde auf die Verschiedenheit der dystonischen Syndrome zurückgeführt, unter denen man Fälle versammelt, die sich durch Anfangsalter, Sitz der dystonischen Symptome und Entwicklungsart voneinander unterscheiden.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ansari KA, Webster R, Manning N (1972) Spasmodic torticollis a and L-Dopa. Neurology (Minneap.) 22:670–674
Barrett RE, Yahr MD, Duvoisin RC (1970) Torsion dystonia and spasmodic torticollis. Results of treatment with L-Dopa. Neurology (Minneap) 20:107–116
Bigwood GF (1972) Treatment of spasmodic torticollis. N Engl J Med 286:1161
Chase TN (1970) Biochemical and pathologic studies on dystonia. Neurology (Minneap) 20:122–130
Chase TN, Tamminga CA (1979) Dopamine and GABA agonists in the treatment of hyperkinetic extrapyramidal disorders. Adv Neurol 24:379–386
Costa E, Gessa GL (1977) Autoreceptors and the function of dopaminergic terminals: non striatal dopaminergic neurons. Adv Biochem Pharmacol 16:sect. 4
Couch JP (1976) General discussion. Adv Neurol 14:419
Delwaide PS, Hurlet A (1980) Bromocriptine and buccolinguofacial dyskinesias in patients with senile dementia. Arch Neurol 37:441–443
Fahn S (1979) Treatment of dystonia with hight dosage anticholinergic medication. Neurology (Minneap) 29:605
Fahn, Eldrigde (1976)
Frattola L, Albizzati M, Spano P, Trabucchi M (1977) Treatment of Huntington's chorea with bromocriptine. Acta Neurol Scand 56:37–45
Iivanainen H, Kaste M, Juntunen J, Komus S, Ranta T, Seppala M (1978) Effect of bromocriptine on dystonic athetoid dyskinesias in mentally retarded patients. J Ment Defic Res 22:193–196
Lal S, Hoyte K, Kiely ME, Sourkes TL, Baxter DW, Missala K, Andermann F (1979) Neuropharmacological investigation and treatment of spasmodic torticollis. Adv Neurol 24:335–351
Lees A, Shaw KM, Stern GM (1976) Bromocriptine and spasmotic torticollis. Br Med J 1:1343
Marsden CD (1976) Blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia syndrome (Brueghel's syndrome). J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 39:1204–1209
Marsden CD, Harrison JG (1974) Idiopathic torsion dystonia (Dystonia musculorum deformans). A review of forty-two patients. Brain 97:793–810
Sabouraud O, Allain H, Pinel JF, Menault F (1976) Dystonie familiale transformée par la bromocriptine. Nouv Presse Med 37:3370
Segawa M, Hosaka A, Miygawa F, et al. (1976) Hereditary progressive dystonia with marked diurnal fluctuations. Adv Neurol 14:215–233
Shaw KM, Hunter KR, Stern GM (1972) Medical treatment of spasmodic torticollis. Lancet 1:1399
Tamminga CA, Chase TN (1980) Bromocriptine and CF 25-397 in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia. Arch Neurol 37:204–205
Tanner CM, Goetz CG, Weiner WJ, et al. (1979) The role of cholinergic mechanism in spasmodic torticollis. Neurology (Minneap) 29:604–605
Tolosa ES (1978) Modification of tardive dyskinesia and spasmodic torticollis by apomorphine. Arch Neurol 35:459–462
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Girotti, F., Scigliano, G., Nardocci, N. et al. Idiopathic dystonia: Neuropharmacological study. J Neurol 227, 239–247 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00313391
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00313391